城镇老旧城区污水出户管调查及改进策略研究——以重庆市白沙镇为例

Investigation of household connections in urban sewer systems and research on tactics for improvement——Taking Baisha Town,Chongqing City as an example

城市污水系统主要由出户管、市政污水管和污水处理厂三大部分组成。过去几十年,国内各种规模的城镇投入大量资金建成了较为完善城市污水厂、市政管网系统,但污水出户管建设与管理滞后成为提高污水收集率和处理率的瓶颈。污水接入问题是个全球性关注的环境卫生基础设施问题。近年来,国内一些主要城市开始重视建成区出户管的改造工作,积累了一定的经验,但可供中小城镇污水出户管改造借鉴的经验并不多。为进一步掌握城镇污水出户管状况,对重庆市江津区白沙镇城镇污水系统及居民出户管状况进行了调查,并结合一些城市经验,提出对白沙镇出户管改进在技术、管理、资金来源等方面需要有针对性的策略。本项目的调查方法和相关成果可为类似城镇污水系统改进工作提供参考。

A urban sewage system typically involves three components: household connections, collection system or pipe system, and the wastewater treatment plant, WWTP. Cities and towns in China of all scales have invested much of money into construction of pipe systems and WWTPs in the last few decades. Household connection has become bottleneck of urban sewer system which has to be addressed to increase the connection to improve the urban aquatic ecosystem. We reviewed the issues of household connection and possible causes, noticed the nationwide practices of urban household connection system improvement, especially in some major cities in China, which involved tactics, existing measures, cost and investment aspects. To attain more background data, the research established a methodology through investigation of household connection system in Baisha town of Jiangjin district in Chongqing. The results, together with the experience from review, helped make a framework of tactics for improvement of household connection system in Baisha, including technical, governance, socio-economic and financial aspects of the projects.