适于生产大宗石油化工原料的原油优化选择

Optimization of Crude Oil Suitable for Producing Bulk Petrochemical Materials

原油特性与工艺路线相匹配是炼油厂最大化生产大宗石油化工原料的重要途径。针对典型原油加工路线,就适宜于生产大宗石油化工原料的世界主要油区原油进行了优化选择,结果表明:采用<350℃馏分收率和链烷烃含量2种性能比较原油直接裂解性能时,中东地区原油是生产乙烯的较理想原料。构建由链烷烃、一环环烷烃和一环芳烃组成的裂化指数,对减压馏分油的催化裂解性能进行比较,发现来自北非、亚太等地区的原油是生产丙烯同时兼顾芳烃的较好原料。针对以加氢裂化为核心工艺的多产芳烃加工路线,以残炭和金属含量对渣油加氢工艺进行优选,表明南美地区渣油需采用浆态床加氢工艺加工,中东地区渣油采用沸腾床加氢工艺加工较好,亚太、非洲地区渣油可采用固定床加氢工艺加工。

Matching the characteristics of crude oil with the process route is an important way for maximizing the production of bulk petrochemical raw materials in refineries.For typical crude oil processing routes,the crude oil suitable for the production of bulk petrochemical materials in the world′s major oil-producing regions was optimized.The results show that crude oils in the Middle East are ideal materials for producing ethylene,which has been proved through comparing their direct cracking performance by means of<350℃fraction yield and paraffinicity.The cracking indexes involving paraffins,monocyclic alkanes and monocyclic aromatics are built to perform a comparison on the catalytic cracking performance of vacuum distillates.On this basis,it is found that crude oils from North Africa and Asia Pacific are good materials for the production of propylene and aromatics.For the processing route of producing more aromatics with hydrocracking as the core process,the residue hydrogenation processes have been optimized in terms of carbon residue and metal content,indicating that slurry bed hydrogenation process is required for residue in South America,fluidized bed hydrogenation process is well applicable for residue in the Middle East,and fixed bed hydrogenation process can be used for residue in Asia Pacific and Africa.