基于在线监测系统与声振特征预测模型的高压并联电抗器运行状态评估方法

Operation State Evaluation Method of High-Voltage Shunt Reactor Based on On-Line Monitoring System and Vibro-Acoustic Characteristic Prediction Model

高压并联电抗器的声振信号特征是评估其运行状态的重要参考依据。当油箱内部重要结构件因长期振动出现松动,油箱振动形态发生改变,而油箱外部的声振特征变化程度也反映了重要结构件的缺陷程度。该文采用电抗器声振信号在线监测系统,对高压并联电抗器油箱表面振动信号和噪声信号进行持续监测。基于历史声振数据和时间序列预测模型,对未来一段时间内的声振特征进行预测,并对比长短期记忆(LSTM)模型和门控循环单元(GRU)模型下的预测效果。计算结果表明,GRU和LSTM的预测结果均可达到较高精度,并且GRU在计算方面更节约时间,这为高压并联电抗器的状态评估和潜在缺陷诊断提供了及时、有效的参考。在验证预测模型对电抗器声振特征预测精准的基础上,通过对比一段时间内的模型输出结果与实测结果的整体误差,可有效识别油箱内部的潜在缺陷和突发状况。该文的研究结果可在一定程度上降低变电站设备维护成本,提高设备完好率。

The spectrum characteristics of vibro-acoustic signal are important reference basis for evaluating the operation state of high-voltage shunt reactor.When important structural parts inside the tank become loosing due to long-term vibration,the vibration form of the tank changes,and the change degree of vibro-acoustic characteristics outside the tank also reflects the defect degree of the important structure parts.In this paper,the on-line monitoring system of reactor vibro-acoustic signal is used to continuously monitor vibration signal and acoustic signal of high-voltage shunt reactor tank surface in a substation.Based on historical vibro-acoustic data and time series prediction model,the vibro-acoustic characteristics in the future period are predicted,and the prediction results under long short term memories(LSTM)structure and gated recurrent unit(GRU)structure are compared.The calculation results show that both GRU and LSTM can achieve high accuracy,and GRU saves more time in calculation,which provides timely and effective reference for status evaluation and potential defect diagnosis of high-voltage shunt reactor.On the basis of validating the accuracy of the prediction model,by comparing the overall error between the model output results and the measured results over a period of time,the potential defect and the emergency condition inside the tank can be effectively identified.The research results of this paper can reduce the maintenance cost of substation equipment and improve the intact rate of equipment to a certain extent.