珠江三角洲水文水动力耦合模型研究

Study on coupling numerical model of hydrology and hydrodynamics for the Pearl River Delta

粤港澳大湾区国家战略的实施对珠江三角洲河网区防洪保安提出了更高的要求。珠江三角洲地区除受本地暴雨影响外,上游受西、北、东江干流洪水威胁,下游受台风暴潮影响,洪涝灾害成因复杂,急需对珠江三角洲的洪涝特性进行深入研究,而数学模型是最为经济便捷的研究方式。水文水动力耦合模型是当前的研究热点,在珠江三角洲地区,水文水动力耦合模型大范围、跨区域的应用仍是空白。以珠江三角洲为研究区域,以具有三角洲洪涝特色的前山河流域中珠联围为重点研究区域,采用紧密耦合的方式,构建珠江三角洲水文水动力耦合模型。将研究区域的水动力模型与重点研究区域的水文模型耦合,采用2020年6月和2008年6月的实测水文资料进行了率定与验证计算。计算结果表明:模型计算值与实测值吻合较好,满足精度要求,可投入使用。本研究可为大湾区防洪保安研究及相关业务奠定技术基础,为国家战略的顺利实施提供保障。

The implementation of the national strategy of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Great Bay Area has put forward higher requirements for flood control and security in the Pearl River Delta. The flood control security of the Pearl River Delta is affected by local storm events, floods from Xijiang River, Beijiang River and Dongjiang River in the upstream, and tidal level downstream. The causes of flood disasters are complicated and the deep study of flood characteristics is urgent. Numerical model is the most economical and convenient way. The coupling numerical model of hydrology and hydrodynamics is the current research hotspot. In the Pearl River Delta, the hydrology and hydrodynamics coupling numerical model is rarely applied to large areas and cross regional areas. In this paper, the Pearl River Delta is studied and the Zhongzhu joint enclosure in Qianshanhe basin, which has the flood characteristics of the Pearl River Delta, is selected as the typical area. The coupling numerical model of hydrology and hydrodynamics for the Pearl River Delta is built with tight coupling method. The hydrodynamic model of the study area is coupled with the hydrology model of the typical area. The model is calibrated and verified by measured data in June 2008 and June 2020. The calculated results match well with measured data and meet the precision requirement. This research provides technical support for the further study of flood control and relevant business, and guarantees the implementation of the national strategy of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Great Bay Area.