《民法典》视野下“抵押权”与《海商法》中“船舶抵押权”的冲突及化解

Conflict and Resolution between“Mortgage”from the Perspective of“The Civil Code”and“Ship Mortgage”from“The Maritime Commercial Law”

《民法典》当前已经生效,与之前的规则相比,其中的担保物权部分发生了重大变化,与此同时,《担保制度司法解释》也为担保制度的适用起到了非常重要的规范作用。而与之相对应的是,《海商法》生效于1993年,其中的规则已经近30年未曾修改,在不久的将来很可能会开始新的修法历程。以抵押权规则制度为焦点,通过比较《民法典》和《海商法》的制度设计,分析了两者在担保制度规范发展趋向、抵押财产是否可以转让和价款抵押权三个方面的变化和区别,探讨了在抵押权制度方面当前两者的法律适用问题以及化解两者间矛盾的可取道路。

The Civil Code has come into force.Compared with the previous regulations,the part of security interest has undergone significant changes.Meanwhile,the judicial interpretation on the security system has also played a very important role in the application of security system.Correspondingly,the Maritime Law came into force in 1993,and its provisions have not been modified for nearly 30 years.It is likely to undergo a new round of revision in the near future.Focusing on the rules and systems of mortgage,this paper compares the system design of the Civil Code and Maritime Law,analyzing the changes and differences between the two laws from three aspects,i.e.the development trend of security system,the transferability of the mortgaged property,and the right of price mortgage.In addition,it probes into the current application of the two laws in the mortgage system and the feasible way to resolve the contradiction between them.