基于时机理论的心理干预对慢性牙周炎病人心理状态及自我效能感的干预作用

Effect of psychological intervention based on timing theory on the psychological state and self-efficacy of patients with chronic periodontitis

目的:探讨基于时机理论的心理干预对慢性牙周炎病人心理状态及自我效能感的作用。方法:选取80例慢性牙周炎病人,依据入院时间顺序分组,2018年5月至2019年5月间的40例作为对照组,2019年6月至2020年5月间的40例作为观察组。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组在此基础上给予基于时机理论的心理干预。对比2组疾病知识掌握度、心理状态[状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、流调用中心抑郁量表(CES-D)评分]、牙周相关指标[牙龈出血指数(BI)、牙周袋深度(PD)、菌斑指数(PLI)、附着水平(CAL)]、自我效能感、牙周健康(OHIP-14)评分及护理满意度。结果:干预后观察组BI、PD、PLI、CAL水平均低于对照组(P<0.01),健康知识掌握度明显高于对照组(P<0.01),STAI、CES-D等心理状态评分较对照组低(P<0.01),自我效能感较对照组增强(P<0.01),生理障碍、心理障碍、生理性疼痛等OHIP-14评分低于对照组(P<0.01);干预结束后,观察组护理满意度优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:基于时机理论的分阶段针对性心理指导可抑制慢性牙周炎病人不良心理感受,提升健康知识水平,增强自我效能感,有助于改善病人牙周指标,促进口腔健康,且护理满意度高。

Objective:To explore the effects of psychological intervention based on timing theory on the psychological state and self-efficacy of patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods:Eighty patients with chronic periodontitis were selected and divided into two groups according to the time order of admission.Forty patients from May 2018 to May 2019 and 40 patients from June 2019 to May 2020 were divided into the control group and observation group,respectively.The control group was given the routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given psychological intervention based on timing theory.The disease knowledge mastery,psychological state[state-trait anxiety questionnaire(STAI)and center for epidemiologic studies depression scale(CES-D)],periodontal index[gingival bleeding index(BI),periodontal pocket depth(PD),plaque index(PLI)and attachment level(CAL)],self-efficacy,periodontal health(OHIP-14)points and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention,the levels of BI,PD,PLI and CAL in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.01),and the mastery of health knowledge in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01).After intervention,the scores of STAI and CES-D in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.01),the self-efficacy in observation group was higher than that in control group(P<0.01),and the OHP-14 scores of physiological disorders,psychological disorders and physical pain in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.01).After intervention,the nursing satisfaction in observation group was better than that incontrol group(P<0.01).Conclusions:The targeted psychological guidance based on timing theory can inhibit the negative psychological feelings of patients with chronic periodontitis,improve the level of health knowledge,enhance the sense of self-efficacy,help to improve the periodontal index of patients,promote the oral health and improve the nursing satisfaction.