中国高被引科学家跨国流动中机构变化特征与驱动机制研究

Research on the Characteristics and Driving Mechanism of Institutional Changes in the International Migration of Highly Cited Researchers in China

[研究目的]高被引科学家作为拥有丰富知识和技能的社会科技精英人才,对其流动特征及驱动机制进行研究,有助于我国管理者制定人才计划、吸引和集聚高层次科技人才。[研究方法]采用科学家履历信息、文献表征信息等多源数据构建高被引科学家迁移特征数据集,重点从机构变化视角对我国高被引科学家迁移流动规律进行了分析,并对迁移流动驱动机制进行了初步探讨。[研究结论]我国高被引科学家跨国流动中以2次机构迁移频次为主,迁移流动频次最高的科学家有6次跨国机构迁移经历;净流入排名前5位的机构依次为电子科技大学、华中科技大学、苏州大学、清华大学和中国科学院;从跨国流动时间间隔来看,我国高被引科学家刚到一个机构后4年内发生迁移流动的可能性最高。从跨国流动影响因素来看,我国高被引科学家跨国流动受到经济水平、教育水平、科技水平、政策规划、政治文化及个体因素等众多因素的影响。

[Research purpose]The outstanding scientists are social elites with rich knowledge and skills.Research on its flow characteristics and driving mechanism will help the managers to formulate talent plans,attract and gather high-level scientific and technological talents.[Research method]The article takes the selected 817/1740 highly cited scientists in China from 2014 to 2019 as the research object,and collects the migration information of highly cited researchers through multiple sources such as personal resume information,personal interview information,and analyzes the the driving mechanism and migration flow law from the perspective of institutional change.[Research conclusion]The result showed that mobility frequency is mainly 2 times,and the highest is 6 times.The top five institutions of net inflow are University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Soochow University,Tsinghua University and Chinese Academy of Sciences.It is most likely that highly cited scientists in China will migrate within four years after arriving at an institution.The international mobility of highly cited scientists in China is affected by many factors such as economic level,education level,technological level,policy planning,political culture and individual factors.