从生命教育视角来看基础教育高质量发展——访我国著名教育学家顾明远先生

High Quality Development of Basic Education from the Perspective of Life Education——An Interview with Mr. Gu Mingyuan, a Famous Educator in China

2021年7月25日中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅联合印发了《关于进一步减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担的意见》,其中明确指出义务教育阶段要构建教育良好生态,以有效缓解家长焦虑情绪,促进学生全面发展、健康成长。自从1968年美国学者华特士提出了生命教育,以认识生命、关爱生命、面对挫折、培育健康、超越自我为目标的生命教育成为了各国的教育热点。生命教育被我国教育学家认为是学生成长的必要条件,是学生全面发展的前提,也是保障我国教育高质量发展的基础。通过对学生实施生命教育,在培养学生高尚的道德情操、形成健全的人格和体格,强化安全意识、提升面对紧急情况的应变能力、践行社会主义核心价值观等方面都起着重要的作用。在历经了两年多的新冠肺炎疫情之后,2022年北京冬奥会如期举行,本届奥运会的口号是“一起向未来”,蕴意世界人民一起团结起来,真爱生命,团结起来用健康的体魄去战胜瘟疫,建设美好的绿色地球家园。对于每一个中国人来讲,坚持党的领导,用强健的体魄去建设祖国、去治理祖国,实现共同富裕,完成中华民族伟大的复兴是责无旁贷的事情。教育兴则国兴,教育强则国强,少年智则国智,少年强则国强,基础教育的高质量发展是我国未来教育高质量发展的前置条件,是全面落实党的方针政策,坚持社会主义办学方向,办好人民满意的教育的“必修课”。基于这个前提和背景,本课题组向北京师范大学顾明远先生请教相关问题并进行了访谈,围绕着基础教育高质量发展为主线,以生命教育的视角,从新时代教育的特征、课程体系改革、创新型人才培养以及新时代教育的建议等几个角度进行了讨论。顾明远,现为中国教育学会名誉会长,国家教育咨询委员会委员,北京师范大学资深教授。曾任北京师范大学副校长,研究生院院长,国务院学位委员会评议组教育学科召集人,中国教育学会会长,世界比较教育学会联合会联合主席等职。主要研究领域包括比较教育、教育哲学、基础教育、师范教育等,主编《教育大辞典》《中国教育大百科全书》《中国教育大系》等,出版《中国教育路在何方》《中国教育的文化基础》等专著40余部,发表论文600余篇。并把上述理论研究成果应用到了基础教育中。

On July 25, 2021, the general office of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council jointly issued the opinions on further reducing the homework burden and after-school training burden of students in the stage of compulsory education, which clearly pointed out that a good education ecology should be built in the stage of compulsory education, so as to effectively alleviate the anxiety of parents and promote the all-round development and healthy growth of students. Since the American scholar Walters put forward life education in 1968, life education with the goal of understanding life, caring for life, facing setbacks, cultivating health and surpassing self has become a hot spot in various countries. Life education is considered by Chinese educators as a necessary condition for the growth of students, a prerequisite for the all-round development of students, and also the basis for ensuring the high-quality development of education in China. Through the implementation of life education for students, it plays an important role in cultivating students’ noble moral sentiment, forming a sound personality and physique, strengthening safety awareness, improving the ability to cope with emergencies and practicing socialist core values. After more than two years of COVID-19, the Beijing Olympic Winter Games 2022 was held as scheduled. The motto is “Together for a shard future”, which implies that the people of the world should unite together, love life, unite with a healthy body to defeat the plague and build a beautiful green earth. For every Chinese, it is duty-bound to uphold the leadership of the CPC, build the motherland with a strong body, achieve common prosperity and complete the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The high-quality development of basic education is the prerequisite for the high-quality development of China’s future education. It is also a “required course” to fully implement the party’s principles and policies, adhere to the socialist direction of running schools, and run education to the satisfaction of the people. Based on this premise and background, the research group consulted and interviewed Mr. Gu Mingyuan of Beijing Normal University. Focusing on the high-quality development of basic education and from the perspective of life education, this paper discusses the characteristics of education in the new times, the reform of curriculum system, the cultivation of innovative talents and the suggestions of education in the new era.Gu Mingyuan is now the honorary president of the Chinese society of education, a member of the National Education Advisory Committee and a senior professor of Beijing Normal University. He once served as vice president of Beijing Normal University, president of the graduate school, convener of the education discipline of the evaluation group of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, President of the Chinese society of education, and co chairman of the World Federation of Comparative Education Societies. His main research fields include comparative education, educational philosophy, basic education, normal education and so on. He edited the dictionary of education, the Encyclopedia of Chinese education, the Department of Chinese education, etc., published more than 40 monographs such as where is the way of Chinese education and the cultural basis of Chinese education, and published more than 600 papers. The above theoretical research results are applied to basic education.