陕西农村失独家庭基本养老诉求与对策研究

Research on the Needs and Countermeasures of the Basic Old-Age Care of Families Losing Only-one Child in Rural Shanxi

随着我国老年人口的增加,养老压力随之增大,满足基本养老需求成为缓解养老压力的关键。农村失独家庭是我国计划生育政策下的特殊家庭,其基本养老解决得妥善与否,既关涉该群体的养老质量,也影响着未来我国经济社会的稳定和发展。对陕西省三地117户农村失独家庭8个方面(日常生活的需求、医疗过程中条件限制、改善住房的需求、集中供养的意愿、辅助生育的需求、收养意愿与现行收养政策相矛盾问题、隔代教养问题和独居生活困扰)的诉求进行调查和分析,发现不同地区和年龄的农村失独者在这8个方面存在不同程度的问题或困难。针对这些问题和困难,提出了相应的对策建议。

With the increase of the elderly population in China,the pressure of old-age care increases accordingly,and meeting the basic needs of the old-age care has become the key to relieve the pressure of the old-age care.Rural families losing only-one child are a special kind of family under China’s family planning policy.Whether the basic old-age care is solved appropriately or not is not only related to the old-age care quality of this group,but also influences the stability and development of China’s economy and society in the future.Through the investigation and analysis of the demand of 117 rural families losing only-one child in three places of Shaanxi Province in the 8 aspects (daily life needs,limitations in medical procedures,need for house improvement,willingness of centralized care,need for assisted birth,conflicts between adoption willingness and the current adoption policy,grand parenting problems and problems caused by living alone),the findings show that there are different problems or difficulties at different levels in these eight aspects in different regions and ages of rural people losing their only one child.As to these problems and difficulties,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.