铁相关催化剂在氧还原反应中的研究进展

Research Progress of Iron-Related Catalysts in Oxygen Reduction Reactions

开发新型能源是解决全球能源问题的重要手段。锌-空气电池有望在能源转化和储存领域得到广泛应用,但其空气电极发生的氧还原反应(oxygen reduction reaction,ORR)因反应动力学缓慢严重限制了其大规模应用,因此迫切需要开发高效且稳定的ORR催化剂来解决这一问题。铁元素由于价格低廉、储量丰富、获取方式简单等优点成为ORR催化剂研究的重要选项。近几年,具有铁元素相关活性位点的催化剂受到了广泛的研究,并被认为是最具潜力的贵金属催化剂的替代品。简要介绍了可用于ORR的铁基碳材料催化剂(iron-based carbon material catalyst,IBCMC)的研究现状,按照活性位点分类分别探讨活性位点对IBCMC催化性能的影响,并对影响IBCMC稳定性能的因素进行了讨论,展望了IBCMC在ORR催化领域的发展方向。

The development of new energy sources is an important approach to solve the global energy problems.Zinc-air battery is expected to be widely used in the field of energy conversion and storage,but the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)of air electrode severely limits its large-scale application due to sluggish reaction kinetics.Therefore,efficient and stable catalysts are urgently needed to solve this problem.Iron element has become an important alternative for the research of ORR catalysts due to its advantages such as low price,abundant reserves,and simple acquisition methods.In recent years,catalysts with active sites related to iron have been extensively studied and are considered to be the most potential substitutes for precious metal catalysts.In this article,the current research status of iron-based carbon material catalyst(IBCMC)used for ORR are briefly introduced.Based on the clarification of active sites,their effects on the catalytic performance of IBCMC are extensively elaborated.Moreover,the factors affecting the stability of the catalyst are discussed.At last,the future development direction of IBCMC in the field of ORR catalysis is prospected.