普及与平等:克鲁普斯卡娅的教育公平思想

Popularization and Equality:Krupskaya’s Educational Equity Thought

克鲁普斯卡娅是苏联初期教育改革与实践的奠基者,她在长期的教育教学实践和教育科学研究中,形成了完整、广泛且宏大的多主体教育思想体系。教育公平思想是克鲁普斯卡娅多主体教育思想中共产主义教育思想的重要组成部分。文章立足于克鲁普斯卡娅教育公平思想在苏联初期国民教育制度建设中的实践,围绕克鲁普斯卡娅教育公平思想的两个主要关注点“教育普及”和“教育平等”展开了讨论,主要讨论了扫盲运动的开展、成人教育与继续教育、普及义务教育与苏维埃学校建设这三个问题。基本厘清了克鲁普斯卡娅教育公平思想的形成逻辑、基本形态以及具体内涵。

Krupskaya was the founder of the educational reform and practice in the early Soviet Union.In her long-term educational practice and scientific research,she formed a complete,extensive and grand multi-agent educational thought system.The thought of educational equity is an important part of the Communist educational thought in Krupskaya’s multi-body educational thought.Based on the practice of Krupskaya‘s thought of educational equity in the construction of the national education system in the early Soviet Union,this paper discusses the two main concerns of Krupskaya's thought of Educational Equity:“education popularization”and“educational equality”,and mainly discusses the development of literacy movement,adult education and continuing education,universal compulsory education and the construction of Soviet schools.It clarifies the formation of logic,basic form and specific connotation of Krupskaya's educational equity thought.