数字人民币反洗钱联合风险控制:隐私保护计算的应用场景分析

Collaborative Risk Control for Digital RMB Anti-money Laundering:The Application Scenario Analysis of Privacy-preserving Computation

在现有法定货币体系下,为满足法律对客户隐私保护的要求,金融机构(主要指反洗钱义务主体)只能基于自己掌握的信息实施反洗钱监测分析,各金融机构的反洗钱监测分析是“孤岛式”的。基于数字人民币具有的独特技术属性,在数字人民币体系下,通过隐私保护计算,各个金融机构可以在保护客户隐私的同时分享反洗钱信息,进而实现不同金融机构的联合风险控制。通过隐私保护计算技术,至少在六个场景下,数字人民币的反洗钱监测可以从以往单一机构各自执行的“独钓”模式,进入多机构联合、基于跨机构数据和模型的“网捕”模式,从根本上提升反洗钱的有效性。

To meet the legal requirements of protecting customer privacy under the current financial system founded on fiat currencies,a financial institution(FI),as the major performer of anti-money laundering(AML)obligations,can implement AML monitoring and analysis only based on its own information.Thus,the AML monitoring and analysis is inevitably circumscribed by each FI’s own information“isolated island”.Due to the unique technical attributes of the digital renminbi,it is technically possible for FIs to use the privacy-preserving computation to share AML information while protecting customer privacy,thereby realizing collaborative risk control among different FIs.By making use of the privacy-preserving computation,the AML monitoring,at least in six specific scenarios,can transit from the“solo fishing”model implemented separately by different FIs to the“net-catching”model realized through multi-party collaboration based on cross-institutional data and models,which will fundamentally improve the effectiveness of AML.