深圳市自动体外除颤仪人口空间匹配特征研究

Research on the Population Spatial Matching Characteristics of Automated External Defibrillator in Shenzhen

目的:研究深圳市自动体外除颤仪的空间布局、覆盖范围和与人口匹配度之间的关系,为未来AED设施资源投放和应急方案的制定提供参考。方法:结合深圳市人口与兴趣点数据,采用地理信息系统空间分析和数理统计等方法研究自动体外除颤仪设施点布局现状、空间覆盖和人口匹配度。结果:自动体外除颤仪设施空间布局的主中心位于南山-福田-罗湖区,次中心、小区块多位于龙岗区与宝安区;大型交通枢纽、小型道路、养老和医疗机构覆盖的人口数较多,体育健身场所和学校的自动体外除颤仪覆盖人口数较少;深圳市自动体外除颤仪设施服务水平匹配度整体呈现“一主一次多区块”特征,空间异质现象明显。结论:自动体外除颤仪设施空间布局不均衡现象明显,建议优化自动体外除颤仪总体空间布局,关注地理空间区位特征,加强体育健身、学校等场所的自动体外除颤仪配置的建设,加强对自动体外除颤仪设备的维护与管理,提高自动体外除颤仪服务水平。

Objective: To study the spatial distribution, coverage and population matching of existing automatic external defibrillators(AED) in Shenzhen, so as to provide references for the allocation of future AED facility resources and the formulation of emergency plans. Methods: Based on the data of population and point of information in Shenzhen City, geography information system spatial analysis and mathematical statistics were used to study the layout, spatial coverage and population matching of AED facilities. Results: The main center of AED facility spatial layout in Nanshan-Futian-Luohu area, and the sub centers and small blocks were mostly located in Longgang district and Baoan district, the population covered by large-scale transportation hub, small roads, pension and medical institutions was more, while the population covered by AED in sports fitness and school places was less, the overall matching degree of AED facility service level in Shenzhen presented the characteristics of "one main, one minor, one multi block". Spatial heterogeneity was obvious. Conclusion: The spatial distribution of AED facilities is obviously unbalanced. It is suggested to optimize the overall spatial distribution of AED, pay attention to the geographical location characteristics, strengthen the construction of AED configuration in sports fitness, schools and other places, strengthen the maintenance and management of AED equipment, and improve AED service level.