社会资本视角下佛山市城镇低收入群体的健康促进机制研究

Research on Health Promotion Mechanism of Urban Low-income Groups in Foshan from the Perspective of Social Capital

目的:探讨社会资本对城镇低收入群体健康的影响效应及中介机制,为推进重点人群的精准健康促进提供参考。方法:采用随机抽样法对佛山市5个市辖区的城镇低收入居民进行问卷调查,并进行多重线性回归和结构方程分析。结果:有效样本为780,网络规模(β=0.002,P<0.05)、网络顶端(β=0.002,P<0.05)和亲密关系人数(β=0.182,P<0.05)3个社会资本维度对城镇低收入群体健康水平有显著的正向影响。社会资本通过促进运动锻炼(β=0.84,P<0.001;β=0.20,P<0.05)和利他主义精神(β=0.16,P<0.01;β=0.20,P<0.001)影响健康水平。结论:社会资本对城镇低收入群体的健康水平有较好的促进作用,基于健康行为和利他主义精神两种中介机制而实现的。需以社区为重要载体,增强城镇低收入群体的社会资本存量,编织全方位的社会支持网络。

Objective: To explore the impact of social capital on urban low-income groups’ health and its mediating mechanism, so as to provide accurate suggestions to improve the health for the key groups. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on urban low-income groups in 5 municipal districts of Foshan by random sampling. The total sample size was 780, and multiple linear regression and structural equation analysis were used in this study. Results: Network scale(β=0.002, P<0.05), top of network(β=0.002, P<0.05) and the number of close relantionships(β=0.182, P<0.05) had significant positive effects on urban low-income groups’ health. Strengthening physical exercise(β=0.84, P<0.001;β=0.20, P<0.05) and promoting altruism spirit(β=0.16, P<0.01;β=0.20, P<0.001) were mediating mechanisms of the relationship between social capital and health. Conclusion: Social capital can promote urban low-income groups’ health, which is based on health behavior and altruism spirit. It is necessary to take the community as an important carrier to enhance the social capital stock and build a comprehensive network of social support for urban low-income groups.