基于区块链的算力优化模型

Computing Power Optimization Model Based on Blockchain

针对区块链的工作量证明协议,本文将算力看作时间的函数,使用一段时间内的累积算力作为基本参量展开分析研究。首先,从挖矿找到随机数这一事件入手,建立挖矿收益与确定性等价收入模型,发现矿工单独挖矿的风险较大,加入矿池联合挖矿能带来更大的风险分担收益。其次,建立矿池管理者关于池费的最大化期望效用模型和矿工关于自身算力分配的最大化收益模型,并通过建模分析,得到关于池费、风险规避参数、矿池算力增长比例、矿池初始被动算力规模等重要参数之间的关系。最后,通过数值模拟,验证所得结论并给出经济学解释。研究表明,矿池中的风险规避需求对池费的影响、池费对算力投入的影响等经济学结论与经典的经济学理论密切相关。

For the proof-of-work protocol of blockchain,this paper regards the computing power as a function of time and uses the accumulated computing power over a period of time as the basic parameter to carry out the analysis and research.First,starting from the event that mining finds random numbers,this paper establishes the mining income and deterministic equivalent income model.It is found that the risk of miners mining alone is higher,and joint mining in the mining pools can bring greater risk sharing benefits.Secondly,the maximum expected utility model of the mining pool manager about the charge rate and the maximum profit model of miners'own computing power distribution are established.Through the modeling analysis,it obtains the relationship between the important parameters such as pool fee,risk aversion parameters,the growth proportion of the pool computing power,and the initial passive computing power scale of the pool.Finally,through the numerical simulation,the conclusion is verified and the economic explanation is given.The economic conclusions such as the impact of risk aversion demand on charge rate and the impacts of charge rate on computing power input are closely related to the classic economic theories.