基于Andersen模型社区老年2型糖尿病患者口腔生活质量的调查研究

Investigation of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Community Based on Andersen Model

目的探究影响社区老年2型糖尿病患者口腔健康相关生活质量(oral health-related quality of life,OHRQoL)的因素,为口腔健康教育提供依据。方法方便抽样选取成都市4个不同主城区的社区卫生服务中心的408例2型糖尿病患者,使用一般情况调查表、老年人口腔健康相关自我效能量表(the geriatric self-efficacy scale for oral health,GSEOH)以及老年口腔健康评价指数(general oral health assessment index,GOHAI)对其进行调查。基于Andersen模型纳入相应的倾向性因素、使能因素、需求因素及健康行为因素并进行分析。结果OHRQoL的影响因素包括:倾向性因素中的年龄;使能因素中的收入、医保类型和与子女同住;需求因素中的糖化血红蛋白值(HbA1c)、牙齿脱落数及糖尿病病程;健康行为因素中的口腔自我效能,其中健康行为因素影响力最大。结论老年2型糖尿病患者OHRQoL受到多因素的影响,需对重点人群进行健康教育并提出适宜的干预措施,以提高口腔生活质量。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL)in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the community,and provide a reference for oral health education.Methods By convenience sampling method,408 samples were selected from community health service centers in four different main urban areas of Chengdu.They were investigated by a general questionnaire,the geriatric self-efficacy scale for oral health(GSEOH)and the general oral health assessment index(GOHAI).Based on Andersen model,the corresponding tendency factors,enabling factors,demand factors and health behavior factors were included and analyzed.Results The influencing factors of OHRQoL included:age in tendency factors;income,type of coverage,and cohabitation with family among the enabling factors;glycated hemoglobin value(HbA1c),number of teeth lost and duration of diabetes among need factors;and oral self-efficacy of health behavior factor.Conclusions The OHRQoL of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is affected by varied factors,hence health education for key populations and appropriate intervention measures should be proposed to improve the quality of oral life.