摘要
以往的研究大多将“总”归入频率副词或者全称量化成分,文章从实际语料出发,说明“总”的语义及句法分布特点无法用频率或者全称量化来准确解释。文章将“总”的本质语义归纳为概率的估测比较,即说话人经过估测认为,“总”所在命题描述了一个大概率事件。“总”在现代汉语中的多种用法都可以由这一基本意义推导出来。“总”的语义解读体现了近似量系统在人类认知及语言处理中的重要作用。
Zong(总)is always categorized as a frequency adverb or universal quantifier in previous studies.In this paper,it is argued that the semantic and syntactic properties of Zong(总)cannot be explained through these two analyses.It is proposed that the essential meaning of Zong(总)is the estimation of probability.The speaker uses Zong(总)to indicate the probability of a proposition to be true is higher than other alternatives,after an estimation or comparison.The multiple uses of Zong(总)in Mandarin Chinese are derived from this basic meaning.The interpretation of Zong(总)embodies the important role of approximate number system in human cognition and language processing.
作者
孙嘉铭
石定栩
SUN Jia-ming;SHI Ding-xu(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001,China;Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou Guangdong 510420,China)
出处
《语言研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期1-9,共9页
Studies in Language and Linguistics
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“生成语法的汉语研究与新时代汉语语法理论创新”(18ZDA291)
河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“基于语义地图的量范畴与情态范畴关联机制研究”(2020CYY025)。
关键词
“总”
概率估测比较
近似量系统
Zong(总)
Estimation of probability
Approximate number system
