交际视野下以目的原则为导向的双宾构式分析

The Analysis of Double-object Construction Guided by Goal Principle from the Perspective of Communication

双宾构式用[(S)V N1N2]来表示,其核心语义为“交际双方以目的原则为导向,进行目标传递的互动”。从交际双方和目的原则两个角度分析了双宾构式的形成原因,并确定其基本语义特征为[+方向性][+传递性][+目标性],[+给予]和[+获取]是因目标传递的方向不同,而形成的附加语义特征。通过对汉语方言以及其他语言的观察,印证了目标传递的互动是形成双宾表达的普遍性动机,从而说明了从交际视野出发,分析双宾构式的合理性。

The double object construction is expressed by [(S) V N1 N2 ], the core semantic meaning is “the interaction of target transmission by the communicating parties guided by the goal principle”. This paper analyzes the causes of the formation of double-object construction from the perspectives of the communicating parties and the goal principle, and determines that the basic semantic feature is [+Directionality] [+Transitivity][+Goal]. [+Giving ] and [+Demanding ] are additional semantic features formed by different directions of target transmission. Through the observation of Chinese dialects and some other languages, it confirms the interaction of target transmission is the universal motivation to form the double object expression. This shows the rationality of analyzing the double-object construction from the perspective of communication.