欧盟新型补贴审查制度对我国的影响及应对措施

The Impact of the EU’s New Subsidy Review System on China and the Countermeasures

欧盟委员会于2021年5月公布了《关于扭曲内部市场的外国补贴的条例提案》,拟通过单边立法在现有WTO多边补贴规则之外建立一种新的补贴审查制度。该制度旨在应对外国补贴对欧盟内部市场造成的扭曲,包括一般审查、经营者集中审查及公共采购审查三种模式,审查范围涉及贸易、投资、政府采购、金融等多个经济领域。新的补贴审查制度将会对我国在欧投资产生重要影响,对我国补贴政策尤其是国有企业补贴带来更为严峻的挑战。为此,我们应当加快推动我国补贴向更符合国际经贸规则的方向发展,同时积极与欧盟协商将该类补贴制度纳入双边或多边谈判。企业作为直接审查对象,也应善用欧盟“共同体利益”条款做好应对。

In May 2021,the European Commission issued the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Foreign Subsidies Distorting the Internal Market,intending to establish a new subsidy review system in addition to the existing WTO multilateral subsidy rules through unilateral legislation.This system is designed to deal with the distortion of the EU internal market caused by foreign subsidies.It includes three modes:general review,concentrated review and public procurement review.The scope of the review covers trade,investment,government procurement,finance and other economic areas.The new subsidy review system will have an important impact on China’s investment in the EU and bring more severe challenges to China’s subsidy policies,especially to the state-owned enterprises.To this end,we should accelerate the development of China’s subsidies in line with international economic and trade rules,and actively negotiate with the EU to incorporate such subsidy system into bilateral or multilateral negotiations.As the direct review object,the enterprises should also make good use of the EU’s“community interest”clause to deal with it.