共建与重生:社区营造理论下文创村落的空间建构机制——以成都明月村为例

Co-construction and Renewal: Spatial Construction Mechanism of Cultural and Creative Village Based on Community Revitalization——A Case Study of Moon Village in Chengdu

社区营造是乡村建设的重要理论,既有研究多强调社区共同体的培养,较少从社区营造的空间维度切入研究。以明月村为例,采用扎根理论和话语分析方法探究了社区营造下文创村落的空间建构过程与机制。明月村的社区营造是多元主体依托文创元素自下而上进行的空间多维重构的过程,其“人、文、地、产、景”五要素的营造使物质环境空间、社会文化空间、文创产业空间和旅游空间等四个层面的建构得以完成。其中,物质环境和社会文化空间的营造为文创产业空间的建构奠定基础,而新生的文创产业空间又与前两类空间相互作用,共同塑造衍生了旅游空间。这一过程中,多元主体对于不同层面的空间建构发挥着不同作用,尤其是当地政府和在地新老村民通过权力体现与主体性彰显主导着社区营造下的乡村空间生产。通过多元主体打造乡村生活美学,塑造内生主体性,实现乡村空间建构的模式,对于当下中国乡村振兴的路径探索具有积极的借鉴意义。

Community Revitalization is an important theory of rural construction. Existing studies mostly emphasize the cultivation of community, and lack attention to spatial dimensions of Community Revitalization. Taking Moon Village as an example, this paper uses grounded theory and discourse analysis to explore the spatial construction process and mechanism under the guidance of the Community Revitalization. It is found that the Community Revitalization of Moon Village is a multi-dimensional reconstruction process of space from bottom to top based on cultural and creative elements.The construction of the five elements of “people, culture, land, industry and scenery” in Moon village can complete the construction of the four levels of Material Environment Space, Social and Cultural Space, Cultural and Creative Industry Space and Tourism Space. Among them, the construction of Material Environment Space and Social and Cultural Space lays the foundation for the construction of Cultural and Creative Industry Space, and the new Cultural and Creative Industry Space interacts with the first two types of space to jointly shape and derive Tourism Space. In this process, multiple subjects play different roles in different levels of space construction, especially the local government and new and old villagers dominate the production of rural space under the Community Revitalization through the embodiment of power and subjectivity. The model of building rural life aesthetics, shaping endogenous subjectivity and realizing the construction of rural space through multiple subjects proposed by the research has positive reference significance for the exploration of the path of Rural Revitalization in China.