空中受油探管活塞杆划伤机理及应对

Piston Rod Scratching Mechanism and Countermeasures of Aerial Refueling Probe

空中受油探管试验过程中出现探管收放时运动卡滞,分解检查后发现活塞杆和支撑套划伤。文中研究了活塞杆和支撑套划伤的产生原因。对试验台油箱、油滤、活塞杆在车床上的跳动量、支撑套与液压外筒的同心度、液压外筒与燃油活塞杆配合情况进行检查,对零件磨损产生的颗粒物进行能谱分析,对已经磨损的支撑套与活塞杆进行打磨并重新装配,进行试验对比分析。结果表明:试验台油箱、油滤检查后未发现肉眼明显可见的金属颗粒物,但回油压力出现瞬间上升较大情况,会导致活塞杆的活塞两端受力增大;活塞杆在车床上的跳动量、支撑套与液压外筒的同心度、液压外筒与燃油活塞杆配合都在合理范围内;对颗粒物进行能谱分析后发现颗粒为零件表面金属颗粒脱落造成的磨损;残留在盲区内的金属毛刺,加之活塞杆和支撑套之间侧向压紧力相对增大,导致活塞杆与支撑套内孔金属直接接触,这是划伤的主要原因。

During the test of aerial refueling probe, the movement of the probe is stuck during retraction and release, and the piston rod and support sleeve are found to be scratched after disassembly and inspection. This paper studies the causes of scratches on the piston rod and the support sleeve, and checks the test bench’s fuel tank, oil filter, the runout of the piston rod on the lathe, the support sleeve, the concentricity of the hydraulic outer cylinder, and the fit between the hydraulic outer cylinder and the fuel piston rod. The particles generated by the wear of the parts are analyzed by energy spectrum, the worn support sleeve and piston rod are ground and reassembled, and the experimental comparison analysis is carried out. The results show that no metal particles visible to the naked eye are found after inspection of the fuel tank and oil filter of the test bench, but the instantaneous increase of the oil return pressure will cause the force on both ends of the piston of the piston rod to increase. The runout of the piston rod on the lathe, the concentricity of the support sleeve, the hydraulic outer cylinder, and the cooperation between the hydraulic outer cylinder and the fuel piston rod are within a reasonable range. After the energy spectrum analysis of the particles, it is found that the particles are wear caused by the falling off of metal particles on the surface of the parts. The metal burrs remaining in the blind area and the relatively increased lateral pressing force between the piston rod and the support sleeve lead to direct contact between the piston rod and the metal in the inner hole of the support sleeve, which is the main reason for scratches.