临床医学专业本科实习生职业紧张水平及其影响因素研究

The current situation and influencing factors of occupational stress among undergraduate interns

目的了解临床医学专业本科实习生职业紧张水平,分析其职业紧张的影响因素。方法以扬州市苏北人民医院317名临床医学专业本科实习生为研究对象;采用工作内容问卷和付出回报失衡问卷及自编的一般情况调查问卷,调查其职业紧张水平;并进行回归分析。使用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。结果被调查者中处于工作要求-自主程度失衡型高紧张和付出-回报失衡型高紧张的分别占31.9%(101/317)和36.3%(115/317)。logistic回归分析发现有升学规划、每周实习时长超过40 min、内在投入得分高、社会支持得分低是临床医学专业本科实习生职业紧张的独立危险因素;每周运动次数≥3次是其保护因素。结论临床医学专业本科实习生职业紧张度处于较高水平且受诸多因素的影响,学校及医院应该有针对性地对本科实习生进行心理健康教育及完善相关管理政策。

Objective To investigate the status of occupational stress and its influencing factors among undergraduate interns.Methods Three hundred and seventeen interns in Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province were collected as research objects.In this study,the Job Content Questionnaire(JCQ),Efiort-Reward Imbalance(ERI)Questionnaire and self-compiled general information questionnaire were used to evaluate the status of occupational stress and its influencing factors,and the regression analysis was carried out.Results The results showed that 101(31.9%)and 115(36.3%)undergraduate interns were in significantly higher level occupational stress according to the JCQ and the ERI questionnaire respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of the included occupational stress included the planning of further studies,more than 40 hours per week for internship,high score of intrinsic engagement and low score of social support.Exercise of more than three times a week was a protective factor for interns*occupational stress.Conclusion The occupational stress of the undergraduate interns is at a high level and affected by many factors.Schools and hospitals should provide targeted mental health education for interns and improve relevant management policies.