皂河与汉长安城关系研究

The Research on Relation Between the Zao River and Han Chang’an City

皂河由南向北流经西安市西城,最终汇入渭河,紧邻汉长安城遗址。汉长安城是我国历史上西汉王朝的都城,它规模宏大,城垣雄伟,遗址在今天西安市西北郊。历史上素有八水绕长安之说,然而在八水中却不见皂河的身影。本文结合古文献资料、考古资料,通过纵向历史研究法,对汉长安城的规划建设、周边水系变化进行研究,研究结果指明皂河实际是历史上的泬水,泬水与潏河属同一源头,向北流的叫泬水,向西流的叫潏河。泬水是关中八水中距汉长安城最近的河流,其河道是水源入汉长安城、建章宫、城南漕渠的必经之道。本文通过研究皂河与汉长安城的关系,梳理泬水的历史变迁以及河流所承载的历史价值,以期为汉长安城遗址保护、皂河治理以及周边城市设计提供策略。

The Zao River flows from south to north through Xicheng District in Xi’an and finally joins the Wei River,which is next to Han Chang’an City Relics in Xi’an.Han Chang’an City was the capital of the Western Han Dynasty in China’s history,located in the northwest of Xi’an with grand in scale,and the city walls are majestic.It is known that the Eight Rivers surround Chang’an;however,Zao River is not one of them.In this paper,combined with ancient documents and archaeological data,we studied by the method of the longitudinal historical research about city planning and construction of Han Chang’an City,as well as the changes in the water system around the city.The findings indicated that the Zao River is actually the Jueshui River in history.In fact,the Jueshui River and the Jue River have the same origin:the northward flow is called the Jueshui River,and the westward flow is called the Jue River.The Jueshui River is the closest to Han Chang’an City in the Eight Rivers in Guanzhong and its course is the only way for water flow into Han Chang’an City,the Jianzhang Palace,and the Chengnan Cao Canal.This paper on relation between the Zao River and Han Chang’an City specified the historical transitions of the Jueshui River as well as its historical values.We hope the results of the research could bring strategies for protection of Han Chang’an City relics,the improvement of the Zao River,and the design of surrounding cities.