我国袭警罪问题研究

On the Crime of Assaulting Police in China

《刑法修正案(十一)》对二百七十七条第五款做了修改,增设了袭警罪。该罪作为妨害公务罪的特殊条款,从法益侵害角度看,其所侵犯的法益应具有对职务行为的妨害和对警察身份的侵害,双重法益侵害性。袭警罪属于抽象危险犯,要严格区分暴力的程度与后果,即以对警察的袭击只要可能对依法执行的职务造成妨害即可。对于"正在执行职务"的判断,既要考虑对核心执法行为的保护,也考虑前后关联行为的合理保护,而"职务行为"的标准则应当按照相对客观的行为时标准来认定。在"人民警察"身份的判断上,从立法精神上看,应当按照其"依法执行职务"行为特征来认定。对袭警罪的主观判断,也要从双重明知的角度来理解,且间接故意也应当构成本罪。最后旧司法解释与新罪名之间,还应该严格按照从旧兼从轻的规定来区分看待。

The people’s police are the most tired and sacrificed groups in peacetime.Violent attacks on the police not only endanger the right to life and health of the people’s police,but also infringe upon the normal management of social order by the people’s police in accordance with the law.At first,there was a heated debate in the academic and practical circles around the need to establish the crime of assaulting the police.In March 2021,with the formal implementation of the Amendment to the Criminal Law(11) and the introduction of the judicial interpretation of the supplementary provisions on the determination of charges in the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China,the crime of assaulting the police was formally established in the criminal law of China,which is regarded as the settlement of the dispute.However,in the process of the application of this charge,there must be many criminal law issues to be discussed.Only by clarifying these issues can we reduce disputes in practice,achieve a balance in judicial determination of crimes,and achieve the purpose of punishment.