体育强国建设中的体育权利意涵

The Implications of Sports Rights in Building a Leading Sports Nation

体育权利作为一项基本人权日渐得到国际社会的广泛认可。我国体育强国建设的国家立法和战略部署形成了多领域、全方位的体育权利保障体系。从积极权利和消极权利层面而言,体育权利既包括免受非法干涉的自主选择权,也体现为国家给予资源保障的社会权。从基本权利与普通权利层面而言,平等参与权、体育健康权、受教育权构成体育权利作为基本权利的主要内容,体育文化权则是作为普通权利的集中体现。从个体权利与集体权利层面而言,体育成就权是前者的集中反映,后者则涵盖特殊群体的体育权利保障和区域体育均衡发展两个方面。体育强国建设的战略部署还进一步明确了国家在立法政策规划、财政投入支持、全生命周期服务、可持续发展、发挥利益相关方作用、强化国际和对港澳台体育合作等方面保障体育权利的基本义务。

As a basic human right, sports rights are increasingly recognized by the international community.The national legislation and strategic plan in building China into a leading sports nation have contributed to forming a multi-field and all-round sports rights protection system.From the perspective of proactive rights and passive rights, sports rights include the freedom to choose free from illegal interference and reflect the social rights for which the state would guarantee the resources.From the perspective of basic rights and ordinary rights, the right to equal participation, the right to sports health, and the right to education constitute the main content of sports as a basic right, and the right to sports culture is the concentrated expression of ordinary rights.From the perspective of individual rights and collective rights, the right to sports achievement is a concentrated reflection of the former.Meanwhile, the latter covers the protection of sports rights of vulnerable groups and the balanced development of regional sports.The strategic plan for building a leading sports nation has further clarified China’s basic obligation in safeguarding sports rights in terms of legislative policy planning, financial investment support, life-cycle services, sustainable development, playing the role of stakeholders and strengthening international and sports cooperation with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.