企业数字化转型实现机制研究:公司创业视角

Research on the Realization Mechanism of Enterprise Digital Transformation:Based on the Perspective of Corporate Entrepreneurship

探究企业数字化转型的实现机制,在当前大力发展数字经济的背景下具有极其重要的理论价值和现实意义。基于公司创业理论研究框架,利用我国企业的现实案例,通过改进后的“最大差异的信息饱和法”,从面临情境、转型行为及路径、转型成效3个方面系统研究了我国企业数字化转型的实现机制,得出以下3个结论:(1)我国企业数字化转型面临的情境与国外存在一定差异,行为触发机制是推动企业转型的关键因素;(2)企业数字化转型行为及路径比公司创业理论的内容更丰富,且各维度间存在较为清晰的推进逻辑;(3)企业数字化转型基本可以破解传统经营困境,但也给企业带来一系列非预期收益或影响。最后指出,仍需要利用定性与定量相结合的方法对该领域进行更为细致的研究,以丰富本文构建的基于公司创业理论的企业数字化转型研究框架。

Under the background of vigorously promoting the digital transformation of enterprises at home and abroad,Chinese enterprises have not undergone the large-scale and indepth transformation as expected,and some enterprises even fall into the dilemma of"waiting for death without transformation,but seeking death with transformation",presenting the situation of"hot and cold enterprises".Therefore,it is particularly necessary to study the realization mechanism of enterprise digital transformation from the micro level.On the one hand,it can provide a practical guiding framework for the digital transformation of enterprises,and on the other hand,it can further enrich the theory of corporate entrepreneurship under the background of digitalization.Based on literature review,practical practice and theoretical framework of corporate entrepreneurship,three core issues that need to be further explored are determined.By means of the"maximum difference information saturation method",and combining the three-level coding method of grounded theory,based on company business perspective,from three dimensions of facing situation,transformation behavior and path,transformation effect,systematic qualitative study are conducted on the cases of digital transformation of Chinese enterprises obtained by direct and indirect means and the general research framework enterprise digital transformation is summarized.Results and conclusions are as following:(1)Different from the digital technology-driven transformation in developed countries,Chinese enterprises are facing a more complex situation,which is mainly reflected in the superposition of multiple factors such as overcapacity,consumption upgrading and technological breakthrough,which has a huge impact on the traditional mode of production and operation;The awakening of entrepreneurs is not a sufficient condition to carry out digital transformation,but also needs a certain trigger mechanism to promote enterprises to really start the transformation action,which is to further enrich the theory of corporate entrepreneurship,that is,to build a transformation mechanism between entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behavior.(2) The contents of enterprise digital transformation behavior and path are more abundant than that of enterprise entrepreneurship theory.On the basis of traditional three-dimensional enterprise entrepreneurship behavior,four dimensions of establishment of high-level promotion mechanism,digital construction,operation guarantee mechanism reform and continuous promotion mechanism are added;In addition,there is a clear promotion logic among all dimensions,namely:First enterprise should form the transformation strategic vision and direction,then agreed between top and establish formal propulsion mechanism,and then complete the transformation through innovation,risk activity and digital construction,and operation guarantee mechanism of intersection,finally continue to promote the reuse mechanism continually review and improve the transformation results,so as to form a closed loop with transformation activities.(3)Digital transformation basically solves the dilemma faced by enterprises and achieves the expected goal of transformation;However,it also brings a series of other unexpected impacts to enterprises,reflecting the subversive impact of digital technology on traditional production and operation mode.Finally,the future research direction and content are prospected.