古蔺野生大茶树资源农艺性状多样性分析

Diversity Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Big Wild Tea Plants in Gulin

[目的]明确古蔺野生大茶树农艺性状多样性。[方法]以古蔺县的47份茶树资源为研究对象,运用相关性分析、主成分分析及聚类分析等方法对古蔺野生大茶树的叶色、叶形、叶长、叶宽、叶面积等17个叶片农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析。[结果]古蔺野生大茶树种质资源农艺性状变异丰富,变异系数在9.28%~48.21%,遗传多样性指数为0.148 6~1.402 1;主成分分析显示,前6个主成分累计贡献率达73.14%,其中第1主成分贡献率为18.96%,第2主成分的贡献率为15.65%,第3主成分的贡献率为14.42%;17个农艺性状遗传多样性聚类分析结果显示:在欧氏距离10.88处,可将47份古蔺野生大茶树种质资源分为四大类群,桂花乡野生大茶树种质资源在四大类群中均有分布,说明桂花乡野生大茶树种质资源种类较丰富,聚有较大的育种潜力。[结论]该研究结果为古蔺茶树优异种质资源的收集保存、良种选育及开发利用提供了参考。

[Objective] To clear diversity of agronomic traits of big wild tea plants in Gulin. [Method] Using correlation analysis, principal component and cluster methods, 47 Gulin big wild tea germplasm resources were analyzed. [Result]The agronomic traits of big wild tea resources were of extremely rich variation. The variation coefficient of 17 agronomic characters ranged from 9.28% to 48.21%. The diversity index ranged from 0.148 6 to 1.402 1. The principal component analysis showed that the previous six main component of 17 agronomic traits accounted for 73.14% of total contribution rate, the first principal component accounted for 18.96%, the second principal component accounted for 15.65%, and the third principal component accounted for 14.42%. The results of cluster analysis showed that these tea resources divided into four categories when the distance coefficient was 10.88. These big wild tea germplasm resources of Guihua were rich and had lager breeding potential, which were distributed in four groups. [Conclusion] The results provided references for collection, breeding, development and utilization of tea tree excellent germplasm resources.