光复初期台湾地区农业复员与两岸农业一体化

Taiwan's Agricultural Rehabilitation and Cross-Strait Agricultural Integration in the Early Period of Taiwan's Retrocession

光复前夕,陈仪将负责拟订战后中国农业复员计划的农业专家赵连芳延揽进治台班底,参与台湾农业接收筹备事宜,台湾地区农业复员因此一开始就与战后中国整体的农业复员计划联系在一起依据其对战后中国农业发展道路的理解,以及对日据时期台湾地区农业状况的初步认识,赵连芳等大陆农业专家一方面主张以民生主义改造台湾地区农业,去除日人的经济榨取体制;另一方面主张增加工业原料和外销特产的生产,推动农工商业共同发展。台湾地区光复后,赵连芳等人基本依照这两大主张对台湾地区农业进行机构接收与生产复员,在尽量恢复战前农业生产基础的同时,进一步提出两岸农业一体化的构想,希望两岸农业能融为一体,相互促进。但因日本殖民统治末期台湾地区农业受日人涸泽而渔,元气大伤,光复初期的农业生产复员并不尽如人意,赵连芳等人不得不将恢复战前生产水平的时间延长到五年计划完成后,两岸农业一体化也因政局动荡,未能有效落实。

On the eve of the retrocession,Chen Yi invited Zhao Lianfang,an agricultural expert responsible for formulating the post-war China’s agricultural rehabilitation plan,to join the team to take over Taiwan and participate in the preparations for Taiwan’s agricultural reception.Therefore,Taiwan’s agricultural rehabilitation was linked with the post-war China’s overall agricultural rehabilitation plan from the beginning.On the one hand,Zhao Lianfang and other mainland agricultural experts advocated transforming Taiwan’s agriculture with the principle of people’s livelihood and removing the Japanese economic exploitation system.On the other hand,they advocated increasing the production of industrial raw materials and export specialties to promote the development of agriculture,industry,and commerce together.After the retrocession of Taiwan,Zhao Lianfang and others basically carried out institutional acceptance and production rehabilitation of Taiwan’s agriculture in accordance with the two advocations.While trying to restore the standard of prewar agricultural production,they further put forward the concept of cross-Strait agricultural integration,hoping that cross-Strait agriculture can be integrated and promote each other.However,at the end of the Japanese occupation,Taiwan’s agriculture was greatly destroyed by the exploitation of Japanese colonists,and the rehabilitation of agricultural production in the early stage of retrocession was not satisfactory.Zhao Lianfang and others had to extend the time of restoring the prewar production level to five years later while the five-year plan was accomplished.At the same time,the cross-Strait agricultural integration could not be effectively implemented due to the political change.