鸡精液稀释保存与性别控制研究进展

The Research Progress of Chicken Semen Dilution Preservation and Chicken Sex Control

鸡精液的稀释与保存方式与受精率密切相关,直接影响着种鸡养殖的效益。由于技术限制,目前鸡精液保存技术还处于研究阶段,生产上仍采取“现采现用”的方式直接采精授精。性别控制在畜禽养殖中具有重要应用价值和经济意义。由于鸡的生殖特点,目前的精子分离技术还不适用于鸡,早期胚胎性别鉴定对鸡性别控制有重要应用价值。而性别决定和性别控制是一个复杂的过程,与性染色体和环境均密切相关。因此,本文结合生产上鸡性别控制技术的应用现状,提出通过研究鸡精液的稀释保存技术和改变母鸡生殖道受精环境等方法,开发出适合种鸡养殖的性别控制策略,对于养殖生产应用和解析动物性别决定机制具有重要意义。

The dilution and preservation methods of chicken semen are closely related to the fertilization rate and directly affect the benefit of breeding chicken. Due to technical limitations,the preservation technology of chicken semen is still in the research stage, and the method of "collecting and insemination" is still adopted in production. Sex control has important application value and economic significance in livestock and poultry breeding. Due to the reproductive characteristics of chickens, the current sperm separation technology is not suitable for chickens,and the early embryo sex identification is of great application value for chicken sex control. Sex determination and sex control is a complex process which is closely related to sex chromosomes and environment. Therefore, in combination with the current situation of the application of chicken sex control technology in production, this paper proposes to develop a suitable breeding chicken sex control strategy by studying the dilution preservation technology of chicken semen and changing the fertilization environment of hen reproductive tract, which is of great significance for breeding production application and analysis of the mechanism of animal sex determination.