美国空间科学战略优先事项的实施与评估机制及其启示

Implementation and Evaluation Mechanism of American Space Science Strategic Priorities and Its Enlightenment

依据美国国家航空航天局空间科学战略规划,介绍了美国航空航天局的组织架构,梳理和剖析了其空间科学战略优先事项的实施机制,然后深入挖掘了优先事项评估机制,发现在优先事项发展进程中美国航空航天局主要通过全面的内部评估和外部评估确保优先事项的成功落实。最后,借鉴美国空间科学战略优先事项的实施与评估机制,针对国内空间科学发展,提出了制定精细化战略目标、构建空间科学任务生命周期全链条评估机制等相关建议。

According to NASA’s space science strategic plan, the study introduced NASA’s organizational structure,and sorted out and analyzed the implementation mechanism of American space strategic priorities. Then, it deeply investigated the mechanism for evaluation of the strategic priorities, and found that in the process of priorities development,NASA ensured the successful implementation of the priorities mainly through internal and external evaluations. Finally,based on the mechanism for implementation and evaluation of U. S. space science strategic priorities, some suggestion for the development of domestic space science, such as formulating refined strategic goals and building a full chain evaluation mechanism for the life cycle of space science missions, were put forward.