某航天对接部位螺栓安装扭矩影响因素的研究

Study on Influencing Factors of Bolt Installation Torque at An Aerospace Butt Joint

分析研究了1100MPa级高强度螺栓预紧力与安装扭矩关系影响因素,以M8×1、M8×1.25规格的30CrMnSiA合金钢和A286耐蚀钢螺栓为研究对象,重点研究了30CrMnSiA和A286合金紧固件在模拟安装环境下,螺栓润滑方式、安装次数、螺栓螺距、材质及预紧力对安装扭矩的影响及其变化规律。研究结果表明:无润滑、中性润滑油润滑及固体脂润滑3种表面润滑方式的螺栓扭矩系数K逐步下降;随着安装次数的增加达到相同的预紧力所需的安装扭矩呈下降趋势,同时第二次安装相比首次安装降幅较大;随着螺栓螺距的增加,扭矩系数K降低;相同强度等级不同材质A286与30CrMnSiA的螺栓相比较,获得相同的预紧力50%F_(max),A286施加的安装扭矩需增加9~13N·m。

This paper analyzs and studies the influencing factors of the relationgship between preload and installation torque of 1100MPa high-strength bolts M8×1、M8×1.25 specification 30CrMnSiA alloy steel and A286corrosion resistant steel bolts are taken as the research objects,focusing on the effects of bolt lubrication mode,installation times,bolt pitch,material and preload on installation torque and thei chang rules of 30CrMnSiA and A286alloy fasteners under simulated installation environment.The results show that the bolt torque coefficient K decreases gradually in three surface lubrication modes:no lubrication,neutral oil lubrication and solid grease lubrication;With the increase of installation times,the installation torque required to achieve the same preload decreases,and the second installation decreases greatly compared with the first installation;With the increase of bolt pitch,the torque coefficient K decreases;Compared with 30CrMnSiA bolts with the same strength grade and different materials,the same preload of50%Fmax is obtained,and the installation torque applied by a286 needs to be increased by 9~13N·m.