人力资本、绿色科技创新与长江经济带全要素碳排放效率

Human Capital,Green Technology Innovation,and Total Factor Carbon Emission Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

基于1999—2019年长江经济带面板数据,运用全局超效率SBM模型、拓展的STIRPAT模型、中介效应模型和门槛模型,考察人力资本、绿色科技创新与全要素碳排放效率之间的关系。研究结果表明,人力资本积累在直接促进长江经济带全要素碳排放效率优化的同时,通过绿色科技创新发挥间接促进作用。为进一步推动长江经济带全要素碳排放效率提升,加快建成引领全国经济高质量发展的主力军,建议以绿色科技创新为引领,促进人力资本不断积累,全面激发长江经济带绿色低碳转型发展活力。

With the gradual transformation of China's economy and society,China has entered a new stage of high-quality development.It has become an important symbol and task of China's high-quality economic and social development to accelerating carbon emission reduction and realizing carbon peak and carbon neutralization as soon as possible.The Yangtze River Economic Belt holds a major strategic position related to the overall development of the country,coordinating high-quality development and high-level protection,continuously promoting the accumulation of human capital,supporting green technological innovation and accelerating the improvement of total factor carbon emission efficiency.High-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is vital to China's ecological priority green development and national economic development.Therefore this study aims to explore the ways in which human capital,green technology innovation affects total factor carbon emission efficiency,whether green technology innovation can effectively play the mediating effect,and the impact of human capital on the overall efficiency of green technology innovation with the constraints of green technology innovation.There are theoretical and practical issues such as whether the influence of factor carbon emission efficiency has nonlinear characteristics.Therefore,based on the panel data of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 1999 to 2019,the study first uses the global super-efficiency SBM model to measure the total factor carbon emission efficiency.Then,based on the extended STIRPAT model,a mediation effect test model is constructed to examine the path of human capital and green technology innovation affecting the total factor carbon emission efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Finally,this study uses the interaction term and panel threshold model to examine the differences and nonlinear characteristics of human capital-driven total factor carbon emission efficiency with different levels of green technology innovation.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows.(1)Human capital and green technological innovation can effectively promote the green and low-carbon development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Human capital is the main body and basic condition of green and low-carbon development.The research results show that the improvement of human capital level can effectively promote the efficiency of total factor carbon emission in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and promote the comprehensive green and low-carbon transformation of production and lifestyle.The test results show that the improvement of green technology innovation level has a significant positive driving effect on the total factor carbon emission efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.It can play an important supporting role in carbon development.(2)Green technological innovation can play a partial intermediary effect in human capital driving the improvement of total factor carbon emission efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.The test results of the mediation effect model show that the improvement of human capital can promote the comprehensive green and low-carbon transformation by popularization and promotion of the concept of green and low-carbon,as well as the improvement of the total factor carbon emission efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.(3)Green technological innovation has the characteristic of gradualness ingiving full play to the green and low-carbon effect of human capital.The nonlinear test results show that the level of green technology innovation can effectively promote the green and low-carbon effect of human capital.At the same time,the improvement of green technology innovation ability and level can promote human capital to drive the improvement of total factor carbon emission efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt to a greater extent.Different from the traditional methods and perspectives for carbon emission reading and single factor carbon emission efficiency,this study uses the global super-efficiency SBM model to measure the total factor carbon emission efficiency.It focuses on technological innovation from the carbon perspective,and explores the impact of green technological innovation on the efficiency of total factor carbon emissions.Moreover the study combines human capital,green technological innovation,the total factor carbon emission efficiency into the same analysis framework,and the mediation effect model and the panel threshold model are used to examine the path and nonlinear characteristics of human capital and green technology innovation affecting the total factor carbon emission efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.It enriches the research content and perspective of green and low-carbon development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,expands the application field of total factor productivity and provides a reference for subsequent research.