油气行业碳捕集、利用与封存技术分析

Analysis of Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage in Oil and Gas Industry

在过去的几十年中,由于温室气体排放引起的极端气候灾害频繁发生,二氧化碳(CO_(2))捕获、利用和储存(CCUS)技术在世界范围内得到了广泛的研究,基本的碳捕获和储存技术已经具备并逐渐成熟.然而,当前已经开发的CCUS技术虽然技术成熟,但由于存在经济成本较高等问题,仍然不具备在大规模工业生产中运用的性能.本文分析了现阶段CO_(2)捕集和碳封存(CCS)技术的技术经济特征,讨论了CCS在实施过程中的能耗、水耗、岩层矿化测试等技术要点以及潜在的环境影响和挑战,论证了将CCS技术与油气开采相结合形成产业内碳循环链,最终完成油气行业低能耗CCUS的适用性与可行性.

During the past few decades,due to the frequent occurrence of extreme climate disaster caused by greenhouse gas emission,the idea over carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)has been widely discussed all over the world.Basic carbon capture and storage technologies are available and gradually getting mature.However,although currently developed CCUS technology is technically mature,it still does not have the ability to be applied in large-scale industrial production due to high economic cost.This paper analyzes the technical and economic characteristics of CO_(2) capture and carbon storage(CCS)technology at present developing stage,discusses the technical points such as energy consumption,water consumption and rock mineralization test of CCS in the process of carbon capture and carbon storage,as well as potential environmental impacts and challenges.The paper also demonstrates the combination of CCS technology and oil and gas production to form the carbon cycle chain within the industry.Finally,the applicability and feasibility of low energy CCUS in the oil and gas industry are completed.