中越边境部分地区蚊虫种类及重要虫媒传染病带毒率调查

Investigation of mosquito species composition and their carrying virus rates of important mosquito borne diseases in the part of border areas of China-Vietnam

目的调查中越边境地区文山州富宁县蚊虫种类构成及其带毒率,为当地制定有效虫媒传染病防控措施提供依据。方法选择中越边境地区富宁县3个村作为调查点,采用灯诱法通宵诱捕蚊虫,对所捕蚊虫进行分类、计数,并采用RT-PCR方法检测重要虫媒传染病感染情况。结果共捕获蚊虫2亚科4属10种6145只,其中中华按蚊(2409只,39.20%)、骚扰阿蚊(2094只,34.08%)和三带喙库蚊(1519只,24.72%)属当地优势蚊种。经黄病毒属、甲病毒属、布尼亚病毒属通用引物及乙型脑炎病毒和版纳病毒特异性引物基因扩增及凝胶电泳检测,仅布尼亚病毒属阳性率3.26%(3/92),其余均为阴性。结论中越边境地区富宁县蚊虫种类丰富,中华按蚊、骚扰阿蚊和三代喙库蚊属当地优势蚊种,存在疟疾、乙型脑炎等重要虫媒传染病感染风险,当地相关部门应加强虫媒传染病监测。

Objective To study mosquito species composition and their carrying virus rates of important mosquito borne diseases in Funing County of Wenshan Prefecture in the border area of China-Vietnam,providing evidences for effective prevention and control measures of mosquito borne diseases.Methods Mosquitoes were collected by Light traps overnight in three villages of Funing County,the border area of China-Vietnam,and mosquito species were classified and counted;their infected viruses of important mosquito borne diseases were detected by RT-PCR.Results A total of 6145 individual mosquitoes were collected from 10species of 4genera in 2subfamilies,of those Anopheles sinensis(2409,39.20%),Armigeres subalbatus(2094,34.08%)and Culex tritaeniorhynchus(1519,24.72%)belonged to the dominant species.The positive rate of Bunia virus was 3.26%(3/92)and the rest were negative after amplification with General primers of flavivirus,alphavirus,Bunyavirus and specific primers of Japanese encephalitis virus and Banna virus.Conclusion There were abundant mosquito species in Funing County in China-Vietnam border area,in which Anopheles sinensis,Armigeres subarmigeres and Culex triorhynchus were local dominant mosquito species,and the results showed that Malaria,Japanese encephalitis and other important insect-borne diseases were at the higher risk in this area,and it was suggested that local authorities should strengthen the surveillance of mosquito-borne diseases.