噪声暴露耳蜗的炎症与永久性阈值移位有关

Inflammation in noise-exposed cochlea associated with permanent threshold shift

噪声性耳聋是由于噪声暴露导致的以高频听力下降为主的感音神经性耳聋。噪声暴露后,耳蜗内巨噬细胞浸润、多种炎症因子的表达增多。噪声引起耳蜗炎症反应的可能机制是:噪声损伤引起耳蜗释放损伤相关分子模式,后者与耳蜗内的模式识别受体结合,进而通过下游信号通路激活耳蜗天然免疫系统,同时噪声暴露破坏血迷路屏障,使得循环系统中的免疫细胞易于向耳蜗内浸润,进而引发耳蜗炎症反应。而抗炎治疗可以在一定程度上改善噪声性耳聋的程度,为治疗噪声性耳聋提供了新的思路噪声暴露可引起两种阈值模式:临时阈值移位(TTS)或永久阈值移位(PTS)。

Noise induced hearing loss is a kind of sensorineural hearing loss caused by noise exposure.After noise exposure,the infiltration of macrophages and the expression of many inflammatory factors in cochlea increased.The possible mechanism of noise induced cochlear inflammatory response is:noise injury causes cochlea to release damage related molecular patterns,which bind with pattern recognition receptors in cochlea,and then activate cochlear innate immune system through downstream signaling pathways.At the same time,noise exposure destroys blood labyrinth barrier,which makes immune cells in circulatory system easy to infiltrate into cochlea,and then leads to cochlear inflammatory response.Anti inflammatory therapy can improve the degree of noise deafness to a certain extent,which provides a new idea for the treatment of noisedeafness.Noise exposure could cause two thres hold patterns:temporary thresholdshift(TTS)orpermanent thresholdshift.