膝关节骨关节炎腔内透明质酸钠注射治疗进展

Progress in treatment of knee osteoarthritis by intraluminal injection of sodium hyaluronate

膝关节骨关节炎好发于老年群体,是一种慢性退行性疾病,关节内骨不断增生及变形,使得关节功能逐渐丧失,伴随明显的关节肿胀及疼痛现象,疾病发展到晚期患者关节出现明显的屈伸受限情况,导致患者下蹲困难,甚至发展到无法正常行走,严重影响患者的正常生活,甚至有致残的风险,使其生活质量严重下降。随着该种疾病患病人数的增多,其逐渐受到临床的重视,临床一直在研制新的药物及治疗方式。临床治疗以缓解患者症状,减轻膝关节负重,加强肌肉锻炼为主,通过服用非甾体类药物,起到镇痛效果,但治疗效果不太理想。透明质酸钠是一种天然可降解及可吸收的生物材料,广泛用于膝关节疾病的治疗中,其是关节滑液的主要成分,能起到润滑、营养及保护膝关节的作用,还能阻止炎性介质入侵关节腔。本文通过整理临床资料,结合自身经验,阐述膝关节骨关节炎通过腔内注射透明质酸钠药物起得的治疗效果及进展。

Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease,which often occurs in the elderly.The continuous proliferation and deformation of intra-articular bone leads to the gradual loss of joint function.With obvious joint swelling and pain,the patient’s joint has obvious flexion and extension limitation in the late stage of the disease,which leads to the difficulty of squatting,even develop to unable to walk normally,and seriously affects the normal life of the patients,and even has the risk of disability,which makes their quality of life seriously declined.With the increase of the number of patients with this disease,it has been paid more and more attention in clinic,and new drugs and treatment methods have been developing.Clinical treatment is mainly to alleviate patients’ symptoms,reduce the weight of knee joint and strengthen muscle exercise.Through taking non steroidal drugs,it has analgesic effect,but the treatment effect is not ideal.Sodium hyaluronate is a kind of natural biodegradable and absorbable biomaterial,which is widely used in the treatment of knee joint diseases.It is the main component of joint synovial fluid,which can play the role of lubrication,nutrition and protection of knee joint,and also can prevent inflammatory mediators from invading the joint cavity.This paper expounds the therapeutic effect and progress of knee osteoarthritis by intracavitary injection of sodium hyaluronate through sorting out clinical data and combining with their own experience.