城市区域多龄期建筑地震灾害风险评估与控制关键技术及示范

Key Technologies and Demonstration of Earthquake Risk Assessment and Control for Existing Buildings in Urban Areas

本项目为解决现有震害评估理论方法与软件平台未考虑既有建筑耐久性损伤与设计规范差异的问题,基于大量物理模型试验、工程实测、理论分析与数值模拟,率先提出了考虑断层分布特点、近场特征和场地放大效应的西安地区强地震动场模拟预测与多变量设定地震危险性分析理论方法;系统揭示表征了多龄期建筑结构(RC结构、钢结构、砌体结构)震损破坏机理与性能劣化规律,并建立了考虑结构耐久性损伤的动力灾变多尺度高效数值建模分析方法;首次建立了可考虑我国国情的城市区域多龄期建筑时变地震易损性模型及损失评估与风险控制的成套理论技术体系,并开发出相应系统平台;率先提出基于多源异构数据的城市基础数据成套采录技术。该成果已成功综合应用与10多个大中城市及200余项工程项目中。

Existing theoretical methods and software platforms for earthquake damage assessment do not consider the differences in durability damage and design specifications of existing buildings.A theoretical method for prediction of seismic ground motions and multi-variable analysis of earthquake hazard in Xi'an Area is proposed to solve the problem,which is based on a large number of physical model tests,engineering measurements,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,and also consider fault distribution characteristics,near-field characteristics and site amplification effects.The failure mechanism and properties deterioration law of multi-age building structures(RC structures,steel structures and masonry structures)under earthquakes are systematically revealed.A method of multi-scale high-efficiency numerical modeling for dynamic catastrophes considering structural durability damage is established.Considering our national conditions,a set of time-varying seismic vulnerability models and complete theoretical and technical systems for loss assessment and risk control of multi-age buildings in urban areas are established,and the corresponding software platform is developed.The complete collecting and recording technology of urban basic data based on multi-source heterogeneous data is proposed for the first time.The research results have been comprehensively applied to more than 10 large and medium-sized cities and more than 200 engineering projects.