氧化镍基锂离子电池负极材料研究进展

Research Progress in NiO Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries

电极材料是锂离子电池发挥电化学性能的关键,作为最有可能替代传统石墨碳负极材料的氧化镍引起了人们的广泛关注。但在电化学反应过程中,氧化镍电极材料存在着如低导电性、充/放电过程中体积改变导致的循环稳定性差等问题限制其实际应用。介绍了氧化镍的储锂机制及电极材料的改性,综述电极活性材料纳米化、三维空间结构的构筑对氧化镍负极材料电化学性能改善的相关研究进展,最后对氧化镍电极材料的发展前景进行了展望。

The electrode material of lithium-ion battery is the key to its electrochemical performance.Nickel oxide,the most likely substitute for the traditional graphite carbon anode material,has attracted extensive attention.However,in the process of electrochemical reaction,nickel oxide electrode materials have some problems such as low conductivity and poor cyclic stability caused by volume change in charge/discharge process,which limit its practical application.The lithium storage mechanism of nickel oxide and the modification of electrode materials were introduced.The research progress on the improvement of electrochemical properties of nickel oxide anode materials by nanocrystallization of electrode active materials and construction of three-dimensional frame structure is reviewed.Finally,the development of nickel oxide electrode materials is prospected.