机械零件表面状态对磷化成膜的影响分析

Analysis on Influence of Surface States of Mechanical Parts on Phosphating Film Formation

机械零件磷化处理后表面会出现膜层色差、粗糙、无膜等现象,存在磷化膜性能达不到工艺要求的问题。通过对比文献分析发现各种加工方法在使零件成型的同时,也使零件表面发生了物理或化学变化,即改变了零件的表面组织、表面成分、表面应力等状态;表面状态的差异对磷化反应速度产生了不同的影响,机械零件磷化处理时需针对各种表面状态采取不同的预处理方法,以改善磷化成膜条件,方可使零件表面形成均匀的磷化膜。

After phosphate treatment, the surface of mechanical parts has color differences of film, roughness and no film, and the properties of phosphating film could not meet the process requirements. Through comparison and analysis of literature, it was found that the physical or chemical changes took place on the surface of parts while forming parts by various processing methods, which meant the surface structure, surface composition, surface stress and other states of the parts were changed;the differences of surface state had different effects on phosphating reaction rate. Therefore, different pretreatment methods should be adopted for various surface states during phosphate treatment of mechanical parts to improve the phosphating film formation condition. In this way, uniform phosphating film could be formed on the surface of parts.