某水库溃坝洪水计算

Calculation of Dam Break Flood of a Reservoir

水库溃坝的发生和溃坝洪水的形成属于非正常和难于预测的事件,溃坝带来的洪水对下游地区的人民生命财产带来巨大的威胁。水库溃坝洪水计算是应急预案的重要组成部分,估算溃坝洪水的大小对下游影响范围和到达下游的时间,为溃坝洪水的防范提供依据。文章以某全国重点中型水库为研究背景,依照该水库实际运行管理情况进行溃坝洪水计算,根据计算成果将下游洪水淹没范围划定高风险、中风险与低风险三个区域,确定了对应洪水到达的时间,并以此建立了有效的预警通信系统,确保了群众的生命财产安全,减轻了灾害带来的损失。

The occurrence of reservoir dam break and the formation of dam break flood are abnormal and unpredictable events.The flood caused by dam break poses a great threat to people’s lives and property in downstream areas.The calculation of reservoir dam break flood is an important part of emergency plan.The influence range of dam break flood on downstream and the time to reach downstream are estimated,which provides the basis for the prevention of dam break flood.Taking a national key medium-sized reservoir as the research background in this paper,the dam break flood is calculated according to the actual operation and management of the reservoir.According to the calculation results,the downstream flood inundation area is divided into three types of regions:high risk,medium risk and low risk,and the corresponding flood arrival time is determined.Based on this,an effective early warning communication system is established to ensure the safety of people’s lives and property and reduce the losses caused by disasters.