基于危机管理理论的医院工作场所暴力多阶段动态防控研究

A multi-stage dynamic prevention and control study on hospital workplace violence based on crisis management theory

目的通过构建医院工作场所暴力多阶段动态防控模型,建立医院工作场所暴力防控介入点及防控措施体系,为医院及医务人员有效预防和应对此类事件提供指导。方法应用危机管理理论,构建医院工作场所暴力防控模型,采用德尔菲法筛选医院工作场所暴力防控介入点及防控措施。结果构建了医院工作场所暴力多阶段动态防控模型,依据防控模型建立医院工作场所暴力防控介入点及防控措施体系,该体系共分为3个阶段。其中事前阶段包含10个介入点和48条应对措施,事中阶段包含6个介入点和17条应对措施,事后阶段包含3个介入点和12条应对措施。结论针对不同介入点选取不同的应对措施,对医院工作场所暴力事件进行多阶段的动态防控,有助于避免医院工作场所暴力事件发生以及降低暴力事件损害程度。

Objective To construct a multi-stage dynamic prevention and control model,establish a system of intervention points and prevention and control measures for the prevention and control of workplace violence in hospitals,so as to provide guidance for hospitals and medical staffs to effectively prevent and respond to such incidents.Methods Based on the crisis management theory,a model for the prevention and control of workplace violence in hospitals was constructed,the intervention points and prevention and control measures were screened by the Delphi method.Results A multi-stage dynamic prevention and control model of workplace violence in hospitals was constructed,and a system of intervention points and prevention and control measures for workplace violence in hospitals were established according to the model.The system was divided into three stages:the pre-event stage contained 10 intervention points and 48 countermeasures,the in-event stage contained 6 intervention points and 17 countermeasures,and the post-event stage contained 3 intervention points and 12 countermeasures.Conclusions It is an effective way to avoid violence and reduce the damage degree of violent incidents by selecting different countermeasures for different intervention points and carrying out multi-stage dynamic prevention and control of workplace violence in hospitals.