考虑上抬费用的市场力行为表现形式及管制方法研究

Research on manifestations and regulation methods of market power behavior considering uplift mechanism

在国内外采用节点电价计算机组收益的电力现货市场中,存在由于供需变化、负荷预测偏差、紧急情况等因素导致的机组无法通过现货收益回收运行成本或达到预期报价收益的问题。针对该问题,国内外电力市场建立了不同的补偿机制以保障机组在服从电网安全调度时的经济效益,但是也增加了发电集团利用补偿机制行使市场力的风险。以美国PJM市场的上抬费用机制为背景,通过算例研究发电集团及其机组的报价策略对发电集团总收益的影响,并与不采用上抬费用机制的市场对比,分析了报价补偿市场中市场力的表现形式。提出了针对上抬费用的市场力监管方法和优化补偿方法来规避由上抬费用机制造成的市场力风险。

In the domestic and foreign electricity spot mar⁃kets with LMP mechanism,there is a risk that units cannot recover their operating cost or achieve the expected revenue due to the change of supply and demand,load forecasting deviation,emergen⁃cy situation and other factors.In order to tackle this problem,com⁃pensation mechanisms have been established in various power mar⁃kets to ensure the revenue of power generation unitswhen operating according to the safe dispatch requirements of the transmission sys⁃tem operator.However,it also leads to the risk of power generation groups manipulating the compensation mechanism to exercise mar⁃ket power.Based on the uplift mechanism of PJM market in the United States,the impact of market participants’bidding strate⁃gies on their total revenue are studied through a three⁃node electri⁃cal grid example.The revenue gained in the market with uplift mechanism is compared with the revenue gained in the market without uplift mechanism.The manifestation of market power in the bidding compensation market is analyzed.In order to reduce the market power risk caused by the uplift payment,the monitoring methods of market power and the optimization methods of the com⁃pensation mechanism are proposed.