2012-2019年新乡市新报告HIV/AIDS 晚发现病例特征及影响因素分析

Analysis on late diagnosis and influencing factors of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases, Xinxiang city,2012-2019

目的 了解新乡市新发现HIV/AIDS的晚发现情况及影响因素,为制定有效的防治措施提供依据。方法 通过艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集新乡市2012-2019年新报告HIV/AIDS病例的数据信息,计算晚发现的比例并分析其影响因素。结果 2012-2019年新乡市共发现HIV/艾滋病病例1642例,晚发现病例504例(30.69%);各年度晚发现比例呈下降趋势(P<0.01)。晚发现病例平均年龄(47.06±15.93)岁;男女性别比3.79∶1;婚姻状况以已婚有配偶248例(50.72%)为主;文化程度集中在初中207例(42.33%);职业类型农民317例(64.83%)最多;感染途径以性传播459例(93.87%)为主。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄分组、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业类型、感染途径、样本来源的研究对象晚发现比例差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高年龄组HIV/AIDS病例晚发现比例较高(P<0.05),20~29岁、30~39岁、40~49岁、50~59岁、60~69岁和≥70岁年龄组患者的晚发现风险分别是20岁以下者的2.98倍、5.43倍、8.54倍、10.24倍、8.81倍和13.10倍。感染途径中异性传播的病例晚发现比例较高(P<0.05),是同性传播的1.45倍。样本来源中医疗机构病例的晚发现比例较高(P<0.01),是检测咨询的1.57倍;羁押人员体检的病例晚发现比例较低(P<0.05),是检测咨询的0.12倍。结论 新乡市新报告HIV/AIDS晚发现比例较低。

Objective To understand the late diagnosis and influencing factors of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Xinxiang city, so as to provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and control strategy. Methods Data of all cases were collected from the HIV/AIDS prevention and control information system and analyzed with the rate of late diagnosis and its influencing factors. Results A total of 1 642 HIV/AIDS cases were reported during 2012-2019,and the late diagnosis rates was 30.69%(504 cases),the proportion of late diagnosis showed an decreasing trend(P<0.01).The average age was(47.06±15.93) years, the gender ratio was 3.79:1,248 cases(50.72%) were married and had spouses.207 cases(42.33%) whose educational level was concentrated in junior high school;farmers had highest number of cases(317 cases, 64.83%);the main route of infection was sexual transmission in 459 cases(93.87%).The results of univariate analysis showed that the late diagnosis proportion of research subjects from different age groups, marital status, educational level, occupation type, infection route and sample source was significantly different(P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the late detection rate of HIV/AIDS cases was higher in the high age group(P<0.05).The late detection risks of patients in the 20-29 years old, 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old, 50-59 years old, 60-69 years old and ≥70 years old groups were 2.98 times, 5.43 times, 8.54 times, 10.24 times, 8.81 times and 13.10 times of those under 20 years old, respectively.The proportion of cases of heterosexual transmission through the infection route was higher in the late detection(P<0.05),which was 1.45 times that of homosexual transmission.The proportion of late detection of cases in medical institutions from sample sources was higher(P<0.01),which was 1.57 times that of testing consultation;the proportion of cases detected late in physical examination of detainees was lower(P<0.05),which was 0.12 times that of testing consultation. Conclusion The proportion of late diagnosis among newly cases in Xinxiang city is low.