基于ABAQUS的多工况下轮胎接地特性分析

Analysis of tire grounding characteristics under multiple working conditions based on ABAQUS

研究了多工况下轮胎的接地特性。首先,通过ABAQUS软件搭建了205/55R16子午线轮胎的有限元模型;然后,设计、搭建了有限元轮胎模型验证平台,通过对比二者的径向刚度曲线验证了模型的有效性;最后,通过设置多种仿真工况,研究了不同负载、充气压力、驱动状态以及侧偏角度下轮胎的接地特性。结果表明:负载越大,轮胎接地面积和接触面应力越大,且应力最大值位于中间纵向沟槽内;胎压越高,轮胎接地面积越小,接触面应力越大,应力最大值逐渐转移至接触中心点;当轮胎由静置转为滚动,接触面积和接触应力均减小,应力最大值位于中间纵向沟槽内,且车速与应力大小无关;加速或制动都会使得接触面应力最大值移至接地印记末端,且应力最大值与角速度呈正相关;接触面应力最大值位置与轮胎侧偏方向相反,与纵向车速方向相同,且接触面应力最大值与侧偏角呈正相关,但接触面横向应力增长会首先趋于饱和。

The tire grounding characteristics under multiple operating conditions are studied in this paper. First of all,the finite element model of 205/55R16 radial tire is built through ABAQUS software,and then a finite element tire model verification platform is designed and built,and the validity of the finite element model is verified by comparing the radial stiffness curves of the two. Finally,the tire grounding characteristics under different load,inflation pressure,driving state and cornering angle are studied by setting different simulation conditions. The results show that the greater the load,the greater the tire contact area and contact surface stress,and the maximum stress is located in the middle longitudinal groove. The higher the tire inflation pressure,the smaller the tire contact area,the greater the contact surface stress,and the maximum stress gradually transferred to the contact center point. When the tire changes from stationary to rolling,both the contact area and the contact stress decrease,the maximum stress is in the middle longitudinal groove,and the vehicle speed is independent of the stress. Acceleration or braking will make the maximum stress of the contact surface move to the end of the grounding mark,and the maximum stress is positively correlated with the angular velocity. The maximum stress position of the contact surface is opposite to the sideslip direction of the tire,and is the same as the longitudinal speed direction,and the maximum stress of the contact surface is positively correlated with the sideslip angle,but the lateral stress growth of the contact surface will first tend to saturation.