城市雨水管网中典型微污染物特征及其生态风险评估

Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Typical Micropollutants in the Urban Storm Sewer System

针对城市放江雨水中微污染物的特征及风险控制需要,本文利用色谱-串联质谱法分析了上海市中心城区某雨水收集排放系统中挥发性有机微污染物及四大类抗生素(磺胺类、喹诺酮类、四环素类、大环内酯类)的赋存特征,并对其中的三种典型微污染物,采用生态风险模型评估了其对受纳水体的生态风险。结果显示:该雨水排放系统中共检测出129种挥发性有机微污染物及6种抗生素,其中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、双酚A和氧氟沙星这三种典型微污染物对受纳水体均存在不同程度的生态风险,鉴于此,本文提出了从源头削减、过程控制及末端处理三方面的微污染物阻断措施,以期为降低微污染物入河生态风险、保障城市水环境生态安全提供参考和借鉴。

Aiming at the characteristics and risk control of the micropollutants in urban rainwater, in this paper, chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the occurrence characteristics of volatile organic micropollutants and four kinds of antibiotics(sulfa, quinolones, tetracycline and macrolides)discharged from a rainwater collection system in downtown Shanghai, in addition, the ecological risk model was used to evaluate the ecological risk of three typical micropollutants to the receiving water. The results show that a total of 129 kinds of organic micropollutants and 6 kinds of antibiotics were detected in the stormwater drainage system, among which three typical micropollutants, dibutyl phthalate, bisphenol A and ofloxacin, all had different degrees of ecological risk to the receiving water. In order to provide reference for reducing the ecological risk of micropollutants entering the river and ensuring the ecological safety of urban water environment, the blocking measures of micropollutants from three aspects of source reduction, process control and terminal treatment are proposed.