《鲁拜集》中国百年经典化研究

Composite-interrelationships and Rubaiyat’s Canonization in China

《鲁拜集》在中国的百年译介可以划分为经典化初步形成期、译介相对沉寂期和百花齐放期,其代表性经典译本分别是郭沫若、黄克孙和张鸿年译本.本文从复合间性理论出发,从主体间性、文本间性和文化间性三个纬度对《鲁拜集》百余年中国经典化进行研究,发现中介语译者菲兹杰拉德、译者郭沫若、黄克孙和张鸿年等,《创造季刊》等出版机构以及罗塞蒂、闻一多、钱钟书等评论者和文集编选者构成的主体间性主导了《鲁拜集》的中国经典化.副文本和正文本间的文本间性以及众多重译间的文本间性在郭、黄和张译成为翻译经典的过程中至关重要,而这三种译本则成了《鲁拜集》经典化的载体.同时,波斯文化经由英国文化的过滤在中国文化中扎下了根,翻译经典中都不同程度地刻写着三种文化的印痕,翻译经典也是三种文化间性对话的产物.

The translation and canonization of Rubaiyat in China(1919-2019)can be roughly divided into three stages,with its rendition by Guo Moruo,Huang Kesun and Zhang Hongnian respectively deemed the three landmark translations to result from this process.A reexamination of the process from the perspective of composite-interrelationships reveals that it is the intersubjectivity among the mediating translator Fitzgerald,the ultimate TL translators such as Guo,Huang and Zhang,the publishers involved such as the Chuangzao Quarterly,as well as the critics concerned such as Rosetti,Wen Yiduo and Qian Zhongshu that has contributed decisively to the cannon formation in question.The intertexuality betweeen the text and its paratexts,and that between many direct and indirect retranslations as well,are also found to have played an important role in Rubaiyat's canonization.And as the original Persian culture in Rubaiyat,filtered through the English culture of Fitzgerald's version,finally found its way into the target Chinese culture,a tripartite cultural interaction has resulted,and an intercultuality eventually becomes inscribed in the translation cannons.