2016-2020年云南省病毒性腹泻监测点5岁以下儿童轮状病毒监测结果分析

Rotavirus surveillance data analysis in children under 5 years with viral diarrhea in Yunnan from 2016 to 2020

目的 了解云南省病毒性腹泻患儿轮状病毒基因型特征并探索其流行规律,为轮状病毒感染防控提供参考依据。方法 2016年1月至2020年12月云南省病毒性腹泻监测点采集腹泻样本894份,送云南省疾病预防控制中心进行轮状病毒抗原检测,阳性样本用PCR方法进行G/P基因分型,并用轮状病毒VP7基因测序进行进化分析。结果 2016-2020年共收集病毒性腹泻病例894例。2岁年龄组幼儿轮状病毒检出率较高,为32.32%(32/99);轮状病毒检出率有上升趋势,气温较低月份轮状病毒高发,12~2月检出率高达47.92%(138/288)。该地轮状病毒有多个基因型,主要的基因型是G9P[8]、G3P[8],分别占总基因型的72.15%(158/219)、8.68%(19/219),2020年云南省首次检出G4P[4]基因型。结论 云南省病毒性腹泻监测发现轮状病毒高发,尤其在气温较低的月份,并有多种基因型分布。应加强幼儿轮状病毒疫苗的接种工作,加强监测,谨防新的型别轮状病毒引起的暴发。

Objective To understand the genotype and epidemiology of rotavirus in children under 5 years with viral diarrhea in Yunnan province, and provide reference for rotavirus disease prevention and control. Methods Fecal samples were collected from children with viral diarrhea in the surveillance sites of viral diarrhea in Yunnan province during January 2016 and December 2020. Rotavirus antigen was detected in the viral diarrhea laboratory of Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention. G/P genotypes of positive samples were further determined using PCR and rotavirus VP7 gene sequencing was applied for phylogenetic analysis. Results A total of 894 fecal samples were collected and tested from 2016 to 2020. The positive rate of rotavirus in2-year old age group was the highest of 32.32%(32/99). Rotavirus positive rate showed an up-ward trend. During the cold season from December to February, rotavirus detection rate could reach as high as 47.92%(138/288).There were multiple genotypes in the area, the major genotypes were G9 P[8] and G3 P[8], accounting for 72.15%(158/219) and 8.68%(19/219) of the total genotypes. G4 P[4] genotype was identified for the first time in Yunnan province in 2020. Conclusions The surveillance of viral diarrhea in Yunnan province shows a high positive rate of rotavirus with multiple genotypes in children under 5 years old, especially during cold season. It is necessary to widen the coverage of rotavirus vaccination in children and strengthen surveillance to prevent outbreaks caused by new rotavirus types.