共情护理对肺结核居家治疗患者负性情绪、睡眠质量及健康素养的影响

Effects of empathy nursing on negative emotion,sleep quality and health literacy of home treatment patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的探讨共情护理干预措施对肺结核患者负性情绪、睡眠质量、健康素养的影响。方法选取2019年6月至2020年9月乐山市人民医院感染科收治的77例肺结核居家治疗患者为研究对象, 按照随机数字表法将其分为干预组39例, 对照组38例。对照组患者给予常规护理, 干预组患者在常规护理基础上给予共情护理干预措施。干预前、干预后12周采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、健康素养量表(HeLMS)评价干预效果。结果干预前2组患者HAMD、HAMA、PSQI、HeLMS总分及各维度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后, 干预组患者HAMD、HAMA评分分别为(10.64 ± 1.86)、(12.64 ± 2.12)分, 低于对照组患者的(14.63 ± 2.19)、(15.11 ± 2.71)分, 差异有统计学意义(t=-8.63、-4.46, P<0.05);干预组患者PSQI总分及日间功能障碍、使用催眠药物、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠质量、睡眠障碍、睡眠效率评分分别为(10.26 ± 1.65)、(1.22 ± 0.22)、(1.48 ± 0.23)、(1.51 ± 0.27)、(1.45 ± 0.26)、(1.57 ± 0.22)、(1.54 ± 0.21)、(1.49 ± 0.24)分, 低于对照组患者的(13.07 ± 2.14)、(1.92 ± 0.31)、(1.75 ± 0.34)、(1.95 ± 0.29)、(2.02 ± 0.33)、(1.84 ± 0.31)、(1.72 ± 0.27)、(1.87 ± 0.29)分, 差异有统计学意义(t值为-11.45~-3.27, 均P<0.05);干预组患者HeLMS总分及信息获取、交流互动、改善健康意愿维度得分分别为(96.12 ± 14.71)、(37.87 ± 5.83)、(35.91 ± 5.13)、(16.21 ± 2.53)分, 高于对照组患者的(86.35 ± 14.12)、(33.17 ± 5.27)、(32.87 ± 5.42)、(14.16 ± 2.19)分, 差异有统计学意义(t值为2.53~3.80, 均P<0.05)。结论共情护理干预措施能有效缓解肺结核患者负性情绪, 改善其睡眠质量, 提高其健康素养水平。

Objective To explore the effect of empathy nursing intervention on negative emotion,sleep quality and health literacy of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 77 patients in Department of Infectious Diseases of People′s Hospital of Leshan from June 2019 to September 2020 were divided into intervention group(n=39)and control group(n=38)by random digits table method.The patients in the control group were given routine nursing,and the patients in the intervention group were given empathy nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing.Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Health Literacy Management Scale(HeLMS)were used before and 12 weeks after intervention to evaluate the effects.Results There was no significant difference in the total scores of HAMD,HAMA,PSQI and HeLMS between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05),but after intervention,the scores of HAMD and HAMA in the intervention group were 10.64±1.86,12.64±2.12,lower than those in the control group(14.63±2.19,15.11±2.71).The differences were statistically significant(t=-8.63,-4.46,P<0.05).The total score of PSQI and the scores of daytime dysfunction,use of hypnotic drugs,time of falling asleep,time of sleep,sleep quality,sleep disorder and sleep efficiency in the intervention group were 10.26±1.65,1.22±0.22,1.48±0.23,1.51±0.27,1.45±0.26,1.57±0.22,1.54±0.21,1.49±0.24,lower than those in the control group(13.07±2.14,1.92±0.31,1.75±0.34,1.95±0.29,2.02±0.33,1.84±0.31,1.72±0.27,1.87±0.29).The differences were statistically significant(t values were-11.45--3.27,all P<0.05).The total score of HeLMS and the scores of information acquisition,communication and interaction,and health improvement intention in the intervention group were 96.12±14.71,37.87±5.83,35.91±5.13,16.21±2.53,higher than those in the control group(86.35±14.12,33.17±5.27,32.87±5.42,14.16±2.19).The differences were statistically significant(t values were 2.53-3.80,all P<0.05).Conclusions Empathy nursing intervention can effectively alleviate the negative emotions of pulmonary tuberculosis patients,improve their sleep quality,and improve their health literacy level.