视觉信息驱动的起重作业操作行为响应特性研究

Response characteristics of lifting operation driven by visual information

为了提高起重作业安全工效水平,考虑可视角度与可视距离,分析最佳视野可视锥与最大视野可视锥,并从几何光学角度测度起重作业视觉信息驱动水平;以起重驾驶人作为被试,根据作业任务构建虚拟的试验场景,运用眼动追踪技术采集视觉认知参数,设计起重作业视觉信息驱动水平眼动测度试验;采用工作分解结构(WBS)、动素分析方法,开发动素行为编码系统,研究视觉信息对起重操作行为速率、行为失误的驱动作用及响应特性。结果表明:视觉信息驱动水平越高,操作速率越快,且两者之间呈现较强的指数关系;操作行为正确的视觉信息驱动水平总体上要高于操作行为失误的视觉信息驱动水平,即视觉信息驱动水平高时不易发生失误操作。

In order to improve safety of lifting operation,optimal visual field cone and maximum visual field cone were analyzed considering visual angle and visual distance,and driving level of visual information on lifting operation was measured from the angle of geometric optics.Then,with lifting drivers as subjects,a virtual test scene was constructed according to operation tasks,visual cognition parameters were collected by using eye movement tracking technology,and eye movement measurement experiment of visual information driving level was designed.Finally,Work Breakdown Structure(WBS)and kinetic element analysis method were used to develop act therbligs coding system,and driving effects of visual information on lifting operation rate and error were studied.The results show that the higher driving level is,the faster lifting operation will be,and there is a strong exponential relationship between them.The driving level with correct operation behavior is generally higher than that with wrong behavior,namely,it is not easy to have wrong operation when driving level of visual information is high.