1556年关中大地震灾民心理的历史考察

A Historical Study on the Psychological Reconstruction for Victims ofthe Guanzhong Great Earthquake

地震灾害是我国频发的多种自然灾害之一,除威胁人身财产安全以外,地震也容易给灾民带来严重的精神冲击和心理创伤。通过对嘉靖三十四年关中大地震灾民心理变化的考察,不难发现灾民对震灾的认知和反应与中国古代社会传统的灾异观有紧密联系,而各级政府赈灾及社会救助中也包含了针对灾民心理重建方面的措施。

Earthquake is one of the frequent natural disastersin China.Aside from threatening personal and property security,it also can bring victims severe spiritual impact and mental trauma.Takingthe Guanzhong great earthquake for example,this paper analyzes the factual data and discovers that the cognition and response of the victims to the earthquake are closely related to the traditional concept of disaster in ancient China.In the meantime,the government's disaster relief and social assistance also include measures for the psychological reconstruction among the victims.